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EM MICROELECTRONIC - MARIN SA
EM6626
Ultra Low Power Microcontroller with 4x32 LCD Driver
Features
True Low Power 1.8 A active mode, LCD On 0.4 A standby mode, LCD Off 0.2 A sleep mode
@ 3 V, 32 KHz, 25 C
Figure 1. Architecture
Low Supply Voltage 1.2 V to 3.6 V Melody, 7 tones + silence inclusive 4-bit timer Universal 10-bit counter, PWM, event counter LCD 32 segments, 3 or 4 times multiplexed Temperature compensated LCD voltage levels Built-in LCD voltage multipliers LCD frequency 32 Hz/42.7 Hz/64 Hz 32 KHz or 128 kHz crystal oscillator 72 basic instructions 2 clocks per instruction cycle Mask ROM 4k x 16 bits RAM 128 x 4 bits Max. 12 inputs ; port A, port B, port SP Max. 8 outputs ; port B, port SP Voltage Level Detector (VLD), 8 levels software selectable from 1.2 V up to 4.0 V Prescaler down to 1 second ( crystal = 32 KHz ) 1/1000 sec 12 bit binary coded decimal counter with hard or software start/stop function 3 wire serial port , 8 bit, master and slave mode 5 external interrupts (port A, serial interface) 8 internal interrupts (3x prescaler, BCD counter 2x10-bit counter, melody timer, serial interface) timer watchdog and oscillation supervisor
32/128 KHz Crystal Osc
ROM 4k X 16Bit
RAM 128*4Bit
V DD Power Supply
VLD 8 Levels Power on Reset Watchdog
Prescaler
Millisecond Counter
Core EM6600
10-Bit Univ Count/Timer
Melody Generator
Interrupt Controller
Voltage Multiplier
Port A 0123
Port B 0123 PWM PWM
Serial Interface
LCD Controller 3, 4 X 32
Figure 2. Pin Configuration, TQFP64 Description
The EM6626 is an ultra-low power, low voltage microcontroller with an integrated 3/4 MUX x 32 segments LCD driver and the equivalent of 8kB mask ROM. It features temperature compensated LCD voltage levels, free LCD segment allocation and built-in voltage multipliers. It also has a melody generator, a millisecond counter (BCD) and PWM function. Tools include windows-based simulator and emulator. A flexible MFP version is also available for development stage. Due to its very low current consumption, the EM6626 is ideal for use in battery-operated and field-powered applications.
STROBE BUZZER PA[3] PA[2] PA[1]
TQFP64
RESET 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 SEG[1] SEG[2] SEG[3] SEG[4] SEG[5] SEG[6] SEG[7] SEG[8] SEG[9] SEG[10] SEG[11] SEG[12] SEG[13] SEG[14] SEG[15] SEG[16] 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 SEG[20] SEG[19] 31 SEG[18] 32 SEG[17] TEST 50 PA[0] PB[3] PB[2] PB[1] PB[0] PS[3] PS[2] PS[1] 53 SEG[21] PS[0]
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54 SEG[22]
VBAT VREG QIN QOUT VSS C2B C2A CIB CI2 VL1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
EM6626
Typical Applications
Household appliance Timer / sports timing devices Medical devices Interactive system with display Automotive controls with display Measurement equipment Bicycle computers Safety and security devices
VL2 VL3 COM[1] COM[2] COM[3] COM[4]
SEG[32]
SEG[31]
SEG[30]
SEG[29]
SEG[28]
SEG[27] SEG[26] SEG[25]
SEG[24]
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SEG[23]
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EM6626
EM6626 at a glance
Power Supply
- Low voltage low power architecture including internal voltage regulator - 1.2 V to 3.6 V battery voltage - 1.8 A in active mode (Xtal, LCD on, 25 C) - 0.4 A in standby mode (Xtal, LCD off, 25 C) - 0.2 A in sleep mode (25 C) - 32 KHz/128 kHz Oscillator (metal option)
4-Bit Input Port A
- Direct input read on the port terminals - Debouncer function available on all inputs - Interrupt request on positive or negative edge - Pull-up or pull-down or none selectable by register - Test variables (software) for conditional jumps - PA[0] and PA[3] are inputs for the event counter - PA[3] is Start/Stop input for the millisecond counter - Reset with input combination (register selectable)
RAM
- 64 x 4 bit, direct addressable - 64 x 4 bit, indexed addressable
4-Bit Bi-directional Port B
- All different functions bit-wise selectable - Direct input read on the port terminals - Data output latches - CMOS or Nch. open drain outputs - Pull-down or pull-up selectable - Weak pull-up in Nch. open drain mode - Selectable PWM, 32kHz, 1kHz and 1Hz output
ROM
- 4k x 16 bit (~8k Byte), metal mask programmable
CPU
- 4-bit RISC architecture - 2 clock cycles per instruction - 72 basic instructions
Melody Generator
- Dedicated Buzzer terminal - 7 tones plus silence output - The output can be put tristate (default) - Internal 4-bit timer, usable also in standalone mode - 4 different timer input clocks - Timer with automatic reload or single run - Timer interrupt request when reaching 0
Main Operating Modes and Resets
- Active mode (CPU is running) - Standby mode (CPU in halt) - Sleep mode (no clock, reset state) - Initial reset on power on (POR) - Watchdog reset (logic and oscillation watchdogs) - Reset terminal - Reset with input combination on port A (register selectable)
Voltage Level Detector (SVLD)
- 8 different levels from 1.2 V to 4.0 V. - Busy flag during measure
Prescaler
- 15 stage system clock divider down to 1Hz - 3 Interrupt requests; 1Hz, 32Hz or 8Hz, Blink - Prescaler reset (4kHz to 1Hz)
10-Bit Universal Counter
- 10, 8, 6 or 4 bit up/down counting - Parallel load - Event counting (PA[0] or PA[3]) - 8 different input clocks- Full 10 bit or limited (8, 6, 4 bit) compare function - 2 interrupt requests (on compare and on 0) - Hi-frequency input on PA[3] and PA[0] - Pulse width modulation (PWM) output
Liquid Crystal Display Driver (LCD)
- 32 Segments 3 or 4 times multiplexed - Internal or external voltage multiplier - Free Segment allocation architecture (metal option) - LCD switch off for power save - LCD frequency 32 Hz/42.7 Hz/64 Hz
Millisecond Counter
- 3 digits binary coded decimal counter (12 bits) - PA[3] input signal pulse width and period measurement - Internal 1000 Hz clock generation - Hardware or software controlled start stop mode - Interrupt request on either 1/10 Sec or 1Sec
8-Bit Serial Interface
- 3 wire (Clock, DataIn , DataOut) master/slave mode - READY output during data transfer - Maximum shift clock is equal to the main system clock - Interrupt request to the CPU after 8 bits data transfer - Supports different serial formats - Can be configured as a parallel 4 bit input/output port - Direct input read on the port terminals - All outputs can be put tristate (default) - Selectable pull-downs in input mode - CMOS or Nch. open drain outputs - Weak pull-up selectable in Nch. open drain mode
Interrupt Controller
- 5 external and 8 internal interrupt request sources - Each interrupt request can individually be masked - Each interrupt flag can individually be reset - Automatic reset of each interrupt request after read - General interrupt request to CPU can be disabled - Automatic enabling of general interrupt request flag when going into HALT mode.
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EM6626
Table of Contents
FEATURES __________________________________1 DESCRIPTION _______________________________1 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS _______________________1 EM6626 AT A GLANCE _________________________2 1. PIN DESCRIPTION FOR EM6626 _____________4 2. OPERATING MODES ______________________6 2.1 ACTIVE MODE ____________________________6 2.2 STANDBY MODE __________________________6 2.3 SLEEP MODE ____________________________6 3. POWER SUPPLY__________________________7 4. RESET __________________________________8 4.1 OSCILLATION DETECTION CIRCUIT _____________8 4.2 RESET TERMINAL _________________________9 4.3 INPUT PORT A RESET FUNCTION ______________9 4.4 DIGITAL WATCHDOG TIMER RESET ____________10 4.5 CPU STATE AFTER RESET __________________10 5. OSCILLATOR AND PRESCALER____________11 5.1 OSCILLATOR ____________________________11 5.2 PRESCALER ____________________________11 6. INPUT AND OUTPUT PORTS _______________12 6.1 PORTS OVERVIEW ________________________12 6.2 PORT A _______________________________13 6.2.1 IRQ on Port A ______________________13 6.2.2 Pull-up or Pull-down _________________14 6.2.3 Software Test Variables ______________14 6.2.4 Port A for 10-Bit Counter and MSC _____14 6.3 PORT A REGISTERS_______________________14 6.4 PORT B _______________________________16 6.4.1 Input / Output Mode _________________16 6.4.2 Pull-up or Pull-down _________________17 6.4.3 PWM and Frequency Output __________18 6.5 PORT B REGISTERS_______________________18 6.6 PORT SERIAL ___________________________19 6.6.1 4-bit Parallel I/O ____________________19 6.6.2 Pull-up or Pull-down _________________20 6.6.3 Nch. Open Drain Outputs _____________21 6.6.4 General Functional Description ________21 6.6.5 Detailed Functional Description ________22 6.6.6 Output Modes ______________________22 6.6.7 Reset and Sleep on Port SP___________23 6.7 SERIAL INTERFACE REGISTERS_______________24 7. MELODY, BUZZER _______________________26 7.1 4-BIT TIMER ____________________________26 7.1.1 Single Run Mode ___________________27 7.1.2 Continuos Run Mode ________________27 7.2 PROGRAMMING ORDER ____________________28 7.3 MELODY REGISTERS ______________________28 8. 10-BIT COUNTER ________________________30 8.1 FULL AND LIMITED BIT COUNTING _____________30 8.2 FREQUENCY SELECT AND UP/DOWN COUNTING___31 8.3 EVENT COUNTING ________________________32 8.4 COMPARE FUNCTION ______________________32 8.5 PULSE WIDTH MODULATION (PWM) ___________32 8.5.1 How the PWM Generator works. _______33 8.5.2 PWM Characteristics ________________33 8.6 COUNTER SETUP_________________________34 8.7 10-BIT COUNTER REGISTERS ________________ 34 9. MILLISECOND COUNTER _________________ 36 9.1 PA[3] INPUT FOR MSC ____________________ 36 9.2 IRQ FROM MSC _________________________ 36 9.3 MSC-MODES ___________________________ 37 9.4 MODE SELECTION ________________________ 37 9.5 MILLISECOND COUNTER REGISTERS ___________ 39 10. INTERRUPT CONTROLLER ______________ 40 10.1 INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTERS_____________ 41 11. SUPPLY VOLTAGE LEVEL DETECTOR ____ 42 11.1 SVLD REGISTER_________________________ 42 12. STROBE OUTPUT______________________ 43 12.1 STROBE REGISTER _______________________ 43 13. RAM _________________________________ 44 14. LCD DRIVER __________________________ 45 14.1 LCD CONTROL __________________________ 46 14.2 LCD ADDRESSING________________________ 46 14.3 FREE SEGMENT ALLOCATION ________________ 47 14.4 LCD REGISTERS_________________________ 47 15. PERIPHERAL MEMORY MAP ____________ 49 16. OPTION REGISTER MEMORY MAP _______ 53 17. ACTIVE SUPPLY CURRENT TEST ________ 54 18. MASK OPTIONS _______________________ 55 18.1 INPUT / OUTPUT PORTS ____________________ 55 18.1.1 Port A Metal Options ________________ 55 18.1.2 Port A Metal Options ________________ 55 18.1.3 Port B Metal Options ________________ 56 18.1.4 Port SP Metal Options _______________ 57 18.1.5 Voltage Regulator Option _____________ 58 18.1.6 Debouncer Frequency Option _________ 58 18.1.7 Frequency Selection Option ___________ 58 18.1.8 LCD Frame Frequency Option _________ 58 18.1.9 User defined LCD Segment Allocation __ 59 19. TEMP. AND VOLTAGE BEHAVIORS _______ 60 19.1 IDD CURRENT (TYPICAL) ___________________ 60 19.2 IDD CURRENT @ 128KHZ _________________ 60 19.3 PULL-DOWN RESISTANCE (TYPICAL) ___________ 61 19.4 PULL-UP RESISTANCE (TYPICAL) _____________ 62 19.5 OUTPUT CURRENTS (TYPICAL) _______________ 62 20. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION ___________ 63 20.1 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS _______________ 63 20.2 HANDLING PROCEDURES ___________________ 63 20.3 STANDARD OPERATING CONDITIONS___________ 63 20.4 DC CHARACTERISTICS - POWER SUPPLY _______ 63 20.5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE LEVEL DETECTOR___________ 64 20.6 OSCILLATOR ____________________________ 64 20.7 DC CHARACTERISTICS - I/O PINS _____________ 65 20.8 LCD SEG[20:1] OUTPUTS _________________ 66 20.9 LCD COM[4:1] OUTPUTS___________________ 66 20.10 DC OUTPUT COMPONENT ________________ 66 20.11 LCD VOLTAGE MULTIPLIER _______________ 66 21. PAD LOCATION DIAGRAM ______________ 67 21.1 ORDERING INFORMATION ___________________ 68 21.2 PACKAGE MARKING _______________________ 69 21.3 CUSTOMER MARKING _____________________ 69
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EM6626
1. Pin Description for EM6626
Chip 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 TQFP 64 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 DIL 64 62 63 64 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 Signal Name C2B C2A C1B C1A VL1 VL2 VL3 COM[1] COM[2] COM[3] COM[4] SEG[32] SEG[31] SEG[30] SEG[29] SEG[28] SEG[27] SEG[26] SEG[25] SEG[24] SEG[23] SEG[22] SEG[21] SEG[20] SEG[19] SEG[18] SEG[17] SEG[16] SEG[15] SEG[14] SEG[13] SEG[12] SEG[11] SEG[10] SEG[9] SEG[8] SEG[7] SEG[6] SEG[5] SEG[4] SEG[3] SEG[2] SEG[1] Reset Test Function Voltage multiplier Voltage multiplier Voltage multiplier Voltage multiplier Voltage multiplier level 1 Voltage multiplier level 2 Voltage multiplier level 3 LCD back plane 1 LCD back plane 2 LCD back plane 3 LCD back plane 4 LCD Segment 32 LCD Segment 31 LCD Segment 30 LCD Segment 29 LCD Segment 28 LCD Segment 27 LCD Segment 26 LCD Segment 25 LCD Segment 24 LCD Segment 23 LCD Segment 22 LCD Segment 21 LCD Segment 20 LCD Segment 19 LCD Segment 18 LCD Segment 17 LCD Segment 16 LCD Segment 15 LCD Segment 14 LCD Segment 13 LCD Segment 12 LCD Segment 11 LCD Segment 10 LCD Segment 9 LCD Segment 8 LCD Segment 7 LCD Segment 6 LCD Segment 5 LCD Segment 4 LCD Segment 3 LCD Segment 2 LCD Segment 1 Input reset terminal, internal pull-down 15 KOhm Input test terminal, internal pull-down 15 KOhm Remarks Not needed if ext. supply Not needed if ext. supply Not needed if ext. supply Not needed if ext. supply LCD level 1 input, if external supply selected LCD level 2 input, if external supply selected LCD level 3 input, if external supply selected
Not used if 3 times multiplexed
Main reset For EM tests only, ground 0 ! Except when needed for MFP programming
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EM6626
Chip 46 TQFP 64 51 DIL 64 43 Signal Name PSP[0] Function Input/output , open drain serial port : SIN parallel out terminal 0 Output , open drain serial port : Ready/CS parallel out terminal 1 Output , open drain serial port : SOUT parallel out terminal 2 Input/output , open drain serial port : SCLK parallel out terminal 3 Input/output, open drain port B terminal 0 Input/output, open drain port B terminal 1 Input/output, open drain port B terminal 2 Input/output, open drain port B terminal 3 Input port A terminal 0 Input port A terminal 1 Input port A terminal 2 Input port A terminal 3 Output Buzzer terminal Output Strobe terminal Remarks Serial interface data in or parallel data[0] in/out Serial interface Ready CS or parallel data[1] in/out Serial interface data out or parallel data[2] in/out Serial interface clock I/O or parallel data[3] in/out Port B data[0] I/O or Ck[1] output Port B data[1] I/O or Ck[11] output Port B data[2] I/O or Ck[16] output Port B data[3] I/O or PWM output TestVar 1 ; Event counter TestVar 2 TestVar 3 Event counter, MSC start/stop
47
52
44
PSP[1]
48
53
45
PSP[2]
49
54
46
PSP[3]
50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59
55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64
47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
PB[0] PB[1] PB[2] PB[3] PA[0] PA[1] PA[2] PA[3] Buzzer Strobe
P reset state or/and port B write or sleep flag out 60 1 57 Vbat = VDD Positive power supply MFP Connection 61 2 58 Vreg Internal voltage regulator Connect to minimum 100nF, MFP connection 62 3 59 Qin/Osc1 Crystal terminal 1 32 or 128KHz crystal, MFP connection 63 4 60 Qout /Osc2 Crystal terminal 2 32 or 128KHz crystal, MFP connection 64 5 61 VSS Negative power supply ref. terminal, MFP connection Gray shaded areas : Terminals needed for MFP programming connections (VDD, Vreg, Qin, Qout, Test).
Figure 3. Typical Configuration
L C D D is p la y
C1 C1 C1
C r y s ta l
Q in O out
A ll C a p a c it o r s 1 0 0 n F
VL1 VL2 VL3 C1A C1B C2A C2B P o rt A P o rt B P o rt S P
C O M [4 :1 ]
S E G [3 2 :1 ]
R eset
C2 C2
EM 6626
B uzzer S tr o b e
V D D ( V b a t) V re g Test C3 VSS C4
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EM6626
2. Operating Modes
The EM6626 has two low power dissipation modes, standby and sleep. these modes. Figure 4 is a transition diagram for
2.1 Active Mode
The active mode is the actual CPU running mode. Instructions are read from the internal ROM and executed by the CPU. Leaving active mode via the halt instruction to go into standby mode, the Sleep bit write to go into Sleep mode or a reset from port A to go into reset mode.
2.2 Standby Mode
Executing a halt instruction puts the EM6626 into standby mode. The voltage regulator, oscillator, watchdog timer, LCD, interrupts, timers and counters are operating. However, the CPU stops since the clock related to instruction execution stops. Registers, RAM and I/O pins retain their states prior to standby mode. Standby is canceled by a reset or an interrupt request if enabled. Figure 4 Mode transition diagram
Active
Halt instruction Sleep bit write IRQ
2.3 Sleep Mode
Standby
Reset=1
Reset=0
Sleep
Writing to the Sleep bit in the RegSysCntl1 register puts the EM6626 in sleep mode. Reset=1 Reset=1 The oscillator stops and most functions of the EM6626 are inactive. To be able to write to the Sleep bit, the SleepEn bit in Reset RegSysCntl2 must first be set to "1". In sleep mode only the voltage regulator and the reset input are active. The RAM data integrity is maintained. Sleep mode may be canceled only by a high level of min 10s at the EM6626 Reset terminal or by the selected port A input reset combination, if option InpResSleep is turned on. Due to the cold-start characteristics of the oscillator, waking up from sleep mode may take some time to guarantee stable oscillation. During sleep mode and the following start up the EM6626 is in reset state. Waking up from sleep clears the Sleep flag but not the SleepEn bit. Inspecting the SleepEn allows to determine if the EM6626 was powered up (SleepEn = "0") or woken up from sleep (SleepEn = "1"). Table 2.3.1. Internal State in Standby and Sleep Mode
Function Oscillator Oscillator Watchdog Instruction Execution Interrupt Functions Registers and Flags RAM Data Option Registers Timer & Counter Logic Watchdog I/O Port B and Serial Port Input Port A LCD Strobe Output Buzzer Output Voltage Level Detector Reset Pin Standby Active Active Stopped Active Retained Retained Retained Active Active Active Active Active Active Active Finishes ongoing measure, then stop Active Sleep Stopped Stopped Stopped Stopped Reset Retained Retained Reset Reset High Impedance, Pull's as defined in option register No pull-downs and inputs deactivated except if InpResSleep = "1" Stopped (display off) Active High Impedance Stopped Active
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EM6626
3. Power Supply
The EM6626 is supplied by a single external power supply between VDD (Vbat) and VSS (Ground). A built-in voltage regulator generates Vreg providing regulated voltage for the oscillator and the internal logic. The output drivers are supplied directly from the external supply VDD. The internal power configuration is shown below in Figure 5. To supply the internal core logic it is possible to use either the internal voltage regulator (Vreg < VDD) or Vbat directly ( Vreg = VDD). The selection is done by metal 1 mask option. By default the voltage regulator is used. Refer to chapter 18.1.5 for the metal mask selection. The internal voltage regulator is chosen for high voltage systems. It saves power by reducing the internal core logic's power supply to an optimum value. However, due to the inherent voltage drop over the regulator the minimal VDD is restricted to 1.4 V . A direct Vbat connection can be selected for systems running on a 1.5 V battery. The internal 1 KOhm resistor together with the external capacitor on Vreg is filtering the VDD supply to the internal core. In this case the minimum VDD can be as low as 1.2 V.
Figure 5. Internal Power Supply
T erm inal V bat
M V reg
M 1B 1kO hm M 1A
T erm inal V reg
A ll P ad input & output buffers, S V LD
R ef. Logic C ore Logic, LC D Logic, O scillator
V oltage m ultiplier, LC D outputs R ef. LC D
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EM6626
4. Reset
Figure 1 illustrates the reset structure of the EM6626. One can see that there are six possible reset sources : (1) Internal initial reset from the Power On Reset (POR) circuitry. --> POR (2) External reset from the Reset terminal. --> System Reset, Reset CPU (3) External reset by simultaneous high/low inputs to port A. --> System Reset, Reset CPU (Combinations are defined in the registers OptInpRSel1 and OptInpRSel2) (4) Internal reset from the Digital Watchdog. --> System Reset, Reset CPU (5) Internal reset from the Oscillation Detection Circuit. --> System Reset, Reset CPU (6) Internal reset when sleep mode is activated. --> System Reset, Reset CPU All reset sources activate the System Reset and the Reset CPU. The `System Reset Delay' ensures that the system reset remains active long enough for all system functions to be reset (active for n system clock cycles). The `CPU Reset Delay' ensures that the reset CPU remains active until the oscillator is in stable oscillation. As well as activating the system reset and the reset CPU, the POR also resets all option registers and the sleep enable (SleepEn) latch. System reset and reset CPU do not reset the option registers nor the SleepEn latch. Reset state can be shown on Strobe terminal by selecting StrobeOutSel1,0 = 0 in RegLcdCntl1.
Figure 1. Reset Structure
Internal Data Bus
W rite R eset Read Status
Digital W atchdog
Ck[1]
Inhibit Digital W atchdog
W rite Active Read Status
SleepEn Latch
Sleep Latch
PO R
C PU R eset D elay
Enable Activate
R eset C PU
PO R
Analogue Filter DEBO UN CE
Ck[1]
System R eset D elay
Ck[15]
PO R
Ck[8]
PO R to O ption Registers & SleepEn Latch
O scillation D etection
Ck[10]
Inhibit O scillation Detection
Reset PAD Reset from Port A Input Com bination O ptInpR Sleep Sleep
4.1 Oscillation Detection Circuit
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EM6626
At power on, the voltage regulator starts to follow the supply voltage and triggers the power on reset circuitry, and thus the system reset. The CPU of the EM6626 remains in the reset state for the `CPU Reset Delay', to allow the oscillator to stabilize after power up. The oscillator is disabled during sleep mode. So when waking up from sleep mode, the CPU of the EM6626 remains in the reset state for the CPU Reset Delay, to allow the oscillator to stabilize. During this time, the Oscillation Detection Circuit is inhibited. In active or standby modes, the oscillator detection circuit monitors the oscillator. If it stops for any reason, a system reset is generated. After clock restart the CPU waits for the CPU Reset Delay before executing the first instructions. The oscillation detection circuitry can be inhibited with bit NoOscWD = 1 in register RegVldCntl. At power up, and after any system reset, the function is activated. The `CPU Reset Delay' is 32768 system clocks ( Ck[16] ) long.
4.2 Reset Terminal
During active or standby modes the Reset terminal has a debouncer to reject noise. Reset must therefore be active for at least 16 ms (system clock = 32 KHz). When canceling sleep mode, the debouncer is not active (no clock), however, reset passes through an analogue filter with a time constant of typical. 5s. In this case Reset pin must be high for at least 10 s to generate a system reset.
4.3 Input Port A Reset Function
By writing the OptInpRSel1 and OptInpRSel2 registers it is possible to choose any combination of port A input values to execute a system reset. The reset condition must be valid for at least 16ms (system clock = 32kHz) in active and standby mode. OPTInpRSleep selects the input port A reset function in sleep mode. If set to "1" the occurrence of the selected combination for input port A reset will immediately trigger a system reset (no debouncer) . Reset combination selection (InpReset) is done with registers OptInpRSel1 and OptInpRSel2. Following formula is applicable : InpResPA = InpResPA[0] * InpResPA[1] * InpResPA[2] * InpResPA[3] igure 6. Input Port A Reset Structure InpRes1PA[n] 0 0 1 1 n = 0 to 3 InpRes2PA[n] 0 1 0 1 InpResPA[n] VSS PA[n] not PA[n] VDD
BIT [0] BIT [1] BIT [2] Input Port A Reset Bit[0] Selection Input Port A Reset Bit[1] Selection Input Port A Reset Bit[2] Selection
InpResPA
i.e. ; - no reset if InpResPA[n] = VSS. - Don't care function on a single bit with its InpResPA[n] = VDD. - Always Reset if InpResPA[3:0] = 'b1111
BIT InpRes1PA[3] [3] InpRes2PA[3] Input Port A Reset Bit[3] Selection
Input Reset from Port A InpResPA[3]
VSS PA[3] PA[3] VDD
0 1 MUX 2 310
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EM6626
4.4 Digital Watchdog Timer Reset
The digital watchdog is a simple, non-programmable, 2-bit timer, that counts on each rising edge of Ck[1]. It will generate a system reset if it is not periodically cleared. The watchdog timer function can be inhibited by activating an inhibit digital watchdog bit (NoLogicWD) located in RegVldCntl. At power up, and after any system reset, the watchdog timer is activated. If for any reason the CPU stops, then the watchdog timer can detect this situation and activate the system reset signal. This function can be used to detect program overrun, endless loops, etc. For normal operation, the watchdog timer must be reset periodically by software at least every 2.5 seconds (system clock = 32 KHz), or a system reset signal is generated. The watchdog timer is reset by writing a `1' to the WDReset bit in the timer. This resets the timer to zero and timer operation restarts immediately. When a `0' is written to WDReset there is no effect. The watchdog timer operates also in the standby mode and thus, to avoid a system reset, one should not remain in standby mode for more than 2.5 seconds. From a system reset state, the watchdog timer will become active after 3.5 seconds. However, if the watchdog timer is influenced from other sources (i.e. prescaler reset), then it could become active after just 2.5 seconds. It is therefore recommended to use the Prescaler IRQHz1 interrupt to periodically reset the watchdog every second. It is possible to read the current status of the watchdog timer in RegSysCntl2. After watchdog reset, the counting sequence is (on each rising edge of CK[1]) : `00', `01', `10', `11' {WDVal1 WDVal0}. When going into the `11' state, the watchdog reset will be active within 1/2 second. The watchdog reset activates the system reset which in turn resets the watchdog. If the watchdog is inhibited it's timer is reset and therefore always reads `0'. Table 4.4.1 Watchdog Timer Register RegSysCntl2 Bit 3 Name WDReset Reset 0 R/W R/W Description Reset the Watchdog 1 -> Resets the Logic Watchdog 0 -> No action The Read value is always '0' See Operating modes (sleep) Watchdog timer data Ck[1] divided by 4 Watchdog timer data Ck[1] divided by 2
2 1 0
SleepEn WDVal1 WDVal0
0 0 0
R/W R R
4.5 CPU State after Reset
Reset initializes the CPU as shown in Table 4.5.1 below. Table 4.5.1 Initial CPU Value after Reset. Name Bits Program counter 0 12 Program counter 1 12 Program counter 2 12 Stack pointer 2 Index register 7 Carry flag 1 Zero flag 1 Halt 1 Instruction register 16 Periphery registers 4
Symbol PC0 PC1 PC2 SP IX CY Z HALT IR Reg.
Initial Value hex 000 (as a result of Jump 0) Undefined Undefined PSP[0] selected Undefined Undefined Undefined 0 Jump 0 See peripheral memory map
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EM6626
5. Oscillator and Prescaler 5.1 Oscillator
A built-in crystal oscillator generates the system operating clock for the CPU and peripheral blocks, from an externally connected crystal (typically 32.768kHz or 128kHz: selection done by metal option). The oscillator circuit is supplied by the regulated voltage, Vreg. In sleep mode the oscillator is stopped. EM's special design techniques guarantee the low current consumption of this oscillator. The external impedance between the oscillator pads must be greater than 10MOhm. Connection of any other components to the two oscillator pads must be confirmed by EM Microelectronic-Marin SA. If the typical 128kHz option is selected, a special 4 stage frequency divider is added automatically by EM Microelectronics to deliver to the prescaler 32kHz which generates all system clocks except CPU clock frequency to keep the peripheral timing as close as possible to the specification.
5.2 Prescaler
The prescaler consists of fifteen elements divider chain which delivers clock signals for the peripheral circuits such as timer/counter, buzzer, LCD voltage multiplier, debouncer and edge detectors, as well as generating prescaler interrupts. The input to the prescaler is the system clock signal. Power on initializes the prescaler to Hex(0001). Table 5.2.1 Prescaler Clock Name Definition
Function System clock System clock / 2 System clock / 4 System clock / 8 System clock/ 16 System clock / 32 System clock / 64 System clock / 128 Name Ck[16] Ck[15] Ck[14] Ck[13] Ck[12] Ck[11] Ck[10] ck [9] 32 KHz Xtal 32768 Hz 16384 Hz 8192 Hz 4096 Hz 2048 Hz 1024 Hz 512 Hz 256 Hz Function System clock / 256 System clock / 512 System clock / 1024 System clock / 2048 System clock / 4096 System clock / 8192 System clock / 16384 System clock / 32768 Name Ck[8] Ck[7] Ck[6] Ck[5] Ck[4] Ck[3] Ck[2] Ck[1] 32 KHz Xtal 128 Hz 64 Hz 32 Hz 16 Hz 8 Hz 4 Hz 2 Hz 1 Hz
Table 5.2.2 Control of Prescaler Register RegPresc
Bit 3 2 Name PWMOn ResPresc Reset 0 0 R/W R/W R/W Description see 10 bit counter Write Reset prescaler 1 -> Resets the divider chain from Ck[14] down to Ck[2], sets Ck[1]. 0 -> No action. The Read value is always '0' Interrupt select. 0 -> Interrupt from Ck[4] 1 -> Interrupt from Ck[6] Debouncer clock select. 0 -> Debouncer with Ck[8] 1 -> Debouncer with Ck[11] or Ck[14]
Figure 7. Prescaler Frequency Timing
Prescaler Reset System Clock Ck[16] Ck[15] Ck[14]
Horizontal Scale Change
Ck[2] Ck[1] First positive edge of 1 Hz clock is 1s after the falling reset edge
1
PrIntSel
0
R/W
0
DebSel
0
R/W
With DebSel = 1 one may choose either the Ck[11] or Ck[14] debouncer frequency by selecting the corresponding metal mask option. Relative to 32kHz the corresponding max. debouncer times are then 2 ms or 0.25 ms. For the metal mask selection refer to chapter 18.1.6. Switching the PrIntSel may generate an interrupt request. Avoid it with MaskIRQ32/8 = 0 selection during the switching operation.
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The prescaler contains 3 interrupt sources: Figure 8. Prescaler Interrupts - IRQ32/8 ; this is Ck[6] or Ck[4] positive edge interrupt, the selection is depending on bit PrIntSel. - IRQHz1 ; this is Ck[1] positive edge interrupt Ck[2] - IRQBlink ; this is 3/4 of Ck[1] period interrupt There is no interrupt generation on reset. The first IRQHz1 Interrupt occurs 1 sec (32kHz) after reset. A possible application for the IRQBlink is LCD-Display blinking control together with IRQHz1.
Ck[1] IRQH z1 IRQBlink
6. Input and Output Ports
The EM6626 has: - One 4-bit input port ( port A ) - One 4-bit input/output port. ( port B ) - One serial interface (port SP) also configurable as 4-bit I/O port Pull-up and pull-down resistors can be added to all this ports with metal and/or register options.
6.1 Ports Overview
Table 6.1.1 Input and Output Ports Overview
Port PA [3:0] Mode Input Mask(M:) or Register(R:) Option M: Pull-up M: Pull-down (default) R: Pull(up/down) select R: Debouncer or direct input for IRQ requests and Counter R: + or - for IRQ-edge and counter R: Input reset combination R: CMOS or Nch. open drain output R: Pull-down on input R: Pull-up on input R: CMOS or Nch open drain output R: Pull-down on input R: Pull-up on input Function -Input -Bit-wise interrupt request -Software test variable conditional jump -PA[3],PA[0] input for the event counter -PA[3] input for the millisecond counter -Port A reset inputs Bit-wise Multifunction on Ports PA[3] 10 bit event counter clock start/stop of MSC PA[2] PA[1] PA[0] 10 bit event counter clock -
-
-
-
-
PB [3:0]
Individual input or output
PS [3:0]
Serial I/O or port-wise input / output
-Input or output -PB[3] for the PWM output -PB[2:0] for the Ck[16,11,1] output -Tristate output -PSP[3], serial clock out -PSP[2], serial data out -PSP[1], serial status out -PSP[0], serial data in -PSP[3:0] 4-bit input/output -Tristate output
PB[3] PWM output PSP[3] Serial clock output SCLK
PB[2] Ck[16] output PSP[2] Serial data output SOUT
PB[1] Ck[11] output PSP[1] Ready or CS
PB[0] Ck[1] output PSP[0] Serial data input SIN
Ready/CS
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6.2 Port A
The EM6626 has one four bit general purpose CMOS input port. The port A input can be read at any time, internal pull-up or pull-down resistors can be chosen. All selections concerning port A are bit-wise executable. I.e. Pull-up on PA[2], pull-down on PA[0], positive IRQ edge on PA[0] but negative on PA[1], etc. In sleep mode the port A pull-up or pull-down resistors are turned off, and the inputs are deactivated except if the InpResSleep bit in the option register OPTFSel is set to 1. In this case the port A inputs are continuously monitored to match the input reset condition which will immediately wake the EM6626 from sleep mode (all pull resistors remain). Figure 9. Input Port A Configuration
Vbat (VDD)
NoDebIntPA[n]=1
IntEdgPA[n]=0
PA3 for the Millisecond Counter
Mask opt MPAPU[n]
IRQPA[3:0]
PA[n]terminal
Debouncer
PA0, PA3 for 10-Bit Counter P TestVar
Mask opt MPAPD[n]
Ck[8]
Ck[11] or Ck[14]
DB[3:0] Input Reset allowed when in Sleep Sleep NoPullPA[n]
VSS
6.2.1 IRQ on Port A
For interrupt request generation (IRQ) one can choose direct or debouncer input and positive or negative edge IRQ triggering. With the debouncer selected ( OPTDebIntPA ) the input must be stable for two rising edges of the selected debouncer clock (RegPresc). This means a worst case of 16 ms (default) or 2 ms (0.25 ms by metal mask) with a system clock of 32 KHz. Either a positive or a negative edge on the port A inputs - after debouncer or not - can generate an interrupt request. This selection is done in the option register OPTIntEdgPA. All four bits of port A can provide an IRQ, each pin with its own interrupt mask bit in the RegIRQMask1 register. When an IRQ occurs, inspection of the RegIRQ1, RegIRQ2 and RegIRQ3 registers allows the interrupt to be identified and treated. At power on or after any reset the RegIRQMask1 is set to 0, thus disabling any input interrupt. A new interrupt is only stored with the next active edge after the corresponding interrupt mask is cleared. See also the interrupt chapter 10. It is recommended to mask the port A IRQ's while one changes the selected IRQ edge. Else one may generate a IRQ (Software IRQ). I.e. PA[0] on `0' then changing from positive to negative edge selection on PA[0] will immediately trigger an IRQPA[0] if the IRQ was not masked.
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6.2.2 Pull-up or Pull-down
Each of the input port terminals PA[3:0] has a resistor integrated which can be used either as pull-up or pulldown resistor, depending on the selected metal mask options. See the port A metal mask chapter for details. The pull resistor can be inhibited using the NoPullPA[n] bits in the register OptNoPullPA. Table 6.2.1. Pull-up or Pull-down Resistor on Port A Inputs Option mask pull-up MPAPU[n] no no no yes yes yes Option mask pull-down MPAPD[n] no yes yes no no yes x 0 1 0 1 x no pull-up, no pull-down no pull-up, pull-down no pull-up, no pull-down pull-up, no pull-down no pull-up , no pull-down not allowed* NoPullPA[n] value Action with n=0...3
* only pull-up or pull-down may be chosen on any port A terminal (one choice is excluding the other)
6.2.3 Software Test Variables
The port A terminals PA[2:0] are also used as input conditions for conditional software branches. Independent of the OPTDebIntPA and the OPTIntEdgPA. These CPU inputs always have a debouncer. - Debounced PA[0] is connected to CPU TestVar1. - Debounced PA[1] is connected to CPU TestVar2. - Debounced PA[2] is connected to CPU TestVar3.
6.2.4 Port A for 10-Bit Counter and MSC
The PA[0] and PA[3] inputs can be used as the clock input terminal for the 10 bit counter in "event count" mode. As for the IRQ generation one can choose debouncer or direct input with the register OPTDebIntPA and non-inverted or inverted input with the register OPTIntEdgPA. Debouncer input is always recommended. Pad input PA[3] is also used as start/stop control for the millisecond counter. This control signal is derived from PA[3], it is independent of the port A debouncer and edge selection. Refer also to Figure 9.
6.3 Port A Registers
Table 6.3.1 Register RegPA Bit Name Reset 3 PAData[3] 2 PAData[2] 1 PAData[1] 0 PAData[0] * Direct read on port A terminals R/W R* R* R* R* Description PA[3] input status PA[2] input status PA[1] input status PA[0] input status
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Table 6.3.2 Register RegIRQMask1 Bit Name Reset R/W Description 3 MaskIRQPA[3] 0 R/W Interrupt mask for PA[3] input 2 MaskIRQPA[2] 0 R/W Interrupt mask for PA[2] input 1 MaskIRQPA[1] 0 R/W Interrupt mask for PA[1] input 0 MaskIRQPA[0] 0 R/W Interrupt mask for PA[0] input Default "0" is: interrupt request masked, no new request stored
Table 6.3.3 Register RegIRQ1 Bit Name Reset R/W Description 3 IRQPA[3] 0 R/W* Interrupt request on PA[3] 2 IRQPA[2] 0 R/W* Interrupt request on PA[2] 1 IRQPA[1] 0 R/W* Interrupt request on PA[1] 0 IRQPA[0] 0 R/W* Interrupt request on PA[0] *; Write "1" clears the bit, write "0" has no action, default "0" is: no interrupt request
Table 6.3.4 Register OPTIntEdgPA Bit power on value 3 IntEdgPA[3] 0 2 IntEdgPA[2] 0 1 IntEdgPA[1] 0 0 IntEdgPA[0] 0 Default "0" is: Positive edge selection Name R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Description Interrupt edge select for PA[3] Interrupt edge select for PA[2] Interrupt edge select for PA[1] Interrupt edge select for PA[0]
Table 6.3.5 Register OPTDebIntPA Bit power on R/W value 3 NoDebIntPA[3] 0 R/W 2 NoDebIntPA[2] 0 R/W 1 NoDebIntPA[1] 0 R/W 0 NoDebIntPA[0] 0 R/W Default "0" is: Debounced inputs for interrupt generation Name Description Interrupt debounced for PA[3] Interrupt debounced for PA[2] Interrupt debounced for PA[1] Interrupt debounced for PA[0]
Table 6.3.6 Register OPTNoPullPA Bit power on value 3 NoPullPA[3] 0 2 NoPullPA[2] 0 1 NoPullPA[1] 0 0 NoPullPA[0] 0 Default "0" depending on mask selection Name R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Description Pull-up/down selection on PA[3] Pull-up/down selection on PA[2] Pull-up/down selection on PA[1] Pull-up/down selection on PA[0]
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6.4 Port B
The EM6626 has one four bit general purpose I/O port. Each bit can be configured individually by software for input/output, pull-up, pull-down and CMOS or Nch. open drain output type. The port outputs either data, frequency or PWM signals.
6.4.1 Input / Output Mode
Each port B terminal is bit-wise bi-directional. The input or output mode on each port B terminal is set by writing the corresponding bit in the RegPBCntl control register. To set for input (default), 0 is written to the corresponding bit of the RegPBCntl register which results in a high impedance state for the output driver. The output mode is set by writing 1 in the control register, and consequently the output terminal follows the status of the bits in the RegPBData register. The port B terminal status can be read on address RegPBData even in output mode. Be aware that the data read on port B is not necessary of the same value as the data stored on RegPBData register. See also Figure 10 for details.
Figure 10. Port B Architecture
Pull-down Option Register Internal Data Bus Port B Direction Register DDR[n] Port B Data Register DR[n] MUX PB[n] Read Pd[n]
Open Drain Option Register OD[n]
Active Pull-up in Nch. Open Drain Mode
Port B Control
Mask Option MPBPD[n]
I / O Terminal Multiplexed Outputs are: PWM, Ck[16], Ck[11], Ck[1] Multiplexed Output Multiplexed Output Active
mask option MPBPD[n]
4 Active Pull-down
Read DB[n]
Read for PB[3:0]
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6.4.2 Pull-up or Pull-down
On each terminal of PB[3:0] an internal input pull-up (metal mask MPBPU[n]) or pull-down (metal mask MPBPD[n]) resistor can be connected per metal mask option. Per default the two resistors are in place. In this case one can chose per software to have either a pull-up, a pull-down or no resistor. See below. For Metal mask selection and available resistor values refer to chapter 18.1.3. Pull-down ON : MPBPD[n] must be in place , AND bit NoPdPB[n] must be `0' . Pull-down OFF: MPBPD[n] is not in place, OR if MPBPD[n] is in place NoPdPB[n] = `1' cuts off the pull-down. OR selecting NchOpDPB[n] = `1' cuts off the pull-down. Pull-up ON * : MPBPU[n] must be in place, AND bit NchOpDPB[n] must be `1' , AND (bit PBIOCntl[n] = `0' (input mode) OR if PBIOCntl[n] = `1' while PBData[n] = 1. ) : MPBPU[n] is not in place, OR if MPBPU[n] is in place NchOpDPB[n] = `0' cuts off the pull-up, OR if MPBPU[n] is in place and if NchOpDPB[n] = `1' then PBData[n] = 0 cuts off the pull-up.
Pull-up OFF*
Never pull-up and pull-down can be active at the same time. For POWER SAVING one can switch off the port B pull resistors between two read phases. No cross current flows in the input amplifier while the port B is not read. The recommended order is : * Switch on the pull resistor. * Allow sufficient time - RC constant - for the pull resistor to drive the line to either VSS or VDD. * Read the port B * Switch off the pull resistor Minimum time with current on the pull resistor is 4 system clock periods, if the RC time constant is lower than 1 system clock period. Adding a NOP instruction before reading moves the number of periods with current in the pull resistor to 6 and the maximum RC delay to 3 clock periods. The port B outputs can be configured as either CMOS or Nch. open drain outputs. In CMOS both logic `1' and `0' are driven out on the terminal. In Nch. Open Drain only the logic `0' is driven on the terminal, the logic `1' value is defined by the internal pull-up resistor (if implemented), or high impedance. Figure 11. CMOS or Nch. Open Drain Outputs
C M O S O u tp u t N c h . O p e n D ra in O u tp u t
A c tiv e P u llu p fo r H ig h S ta te MUX D R [n ] F re q u e n c y O u tp u ts D a ta T ri-S ta te O u tp u t B u ffe r : c lo s e d 1 I/O T e rm in a l P B [n ] MUX D R [n ] F re q u e n c y O u tp u ts I/O T e rm in a l P B [n ] T ri-S ta te O u tp u t B u ffe r : H ig h Im p e d a n c e fo r D a ta = 1
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6.4.3 PWM and Frequency Output
PB[3] can also be used to output the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal from the 10-Bit Counter, the Ck[16], Ck[11] as well as the Ck[1] prescaler frequencies. -Selecting PWM output on PB[3] with bit PWMOn in register RegPresc and running the counter. -Selecting Ck[16] output on PB[2] with bit PB32kHzOut in register OPTFSelPB -Selecting Ck[11] output on PB[1] with bit PB1kHzOut in register OPTFSelPB -Selecting Ck[1 ] output on PB[0] with bit PB1HzOut in register OPTFSelPB
6.5 Port B Registers
Table 6.5.1 Register RegPBData Bit Name Reset R/W 3 PBData[3] R*/W 2 PBData[2] R*/W 1 PBData[1] R*/W 0 PBData[0] R*/W * : Direct read on the port B terminal (not the internal register) Table 6.5.2 Register RegPBCntl Bit Name Reset 3 PBIOCntl[3] 0 2 PBIOCntl[2] 0 1 PBIOCntl[1] 0 0 PBIOCntl[0] 0 Default "0" is: port B in input mode Table 6.5.3 Option Register OPTFSelPB Bit power on R/W Description value 3 InpResSleep 0 R/W Reset from sleep with port A 2 PB32kHzOut 0 R/W Ck[16] output on PB[2] 1 PB1kHzOut 0 R/W Ck[11] output on PB[1] 0 PB1HzOut 0 R/W Ck[1] output on PB[0] Default "0" is: No frequency output, port A Input Reset can not reset the SLEEP mode. Name R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Description I/O control for PB[3] I/O control for PB[2] I/O control for PB[1] I/O control for PB[0] Description PB[3] input and output PB[2] input and output PB[1] input and output PB[0] input and output
Table 6.5.4 Option Register OPTNoPdPB Bit 3 2 1 0 Name power on value 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Description No pull-down on PB[3] No pull-down on PB[2] No pull-down on PB[1] No pull-down on PB[0]
NoPdPB[3] NoPdPB[2] NoPdPB[1] NoPdPB[0] Default "0" is: Pull-down on
Table 6.5.5 Option Register OPTNchOpDPB Bit 3 2 1 0 Name power on value 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Description Nch. Open Drain on PB[3] Nch. Open Drain on PB[2] Nch. Open Drain on PB[1] Nch. Open Drain on PB[0]
NchOpDPB[3] NchOpDPB[2] NchOpDPB[1] NchOpDPB[0] Default "0" is: CMOS output
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6.6 Port Serial
The EM6626 contains a simple, half duplex three wire synchronous type serial interface., which can be used to program or read an external EEPROM, ADC, ... etc. For data reception, a shift-register converts the serial input data on the SIN(PSP[0]) terminal to a parallel format, which is subsequently read by the CPU in registers RegSDataL and RegSDataH for low and high nibble. To transmit data, the CPU loads data into the shift register, which then serializes it on the SOUT(PSP[2]) terminal. It is possible for the shift register to simultaneously shift data out on the SOUT terminal and shift data on the SIN terminal. In Master mode, the shifting clock is supplied internally by the Prescaler : one of three prescaler frequencies are available, Ck[16], Ck[15] or Ck[14]. In Slave mode, the shifting clock is supplied externally on the SCLKIn(PSP[3]) terminal. In either mode, it is possible to program : the shifting edge, shift MSB first or LSB first and direct shift output. All these selection are done in register RegSCntl1 and RegSCntl2. Figure 12. Serial Interface Architecture
Serial Master Clock Output SCLKOut to SCLK Terminal Serial Input Data from SIN terminal Internal Master Clock Source (from Prescaler) External Slave Clock Source (SCLKIn from SCLK terminal)
8 Bit Shift Register
Shift CK Shift Complete (8th Shift Clock)
Serial Output Data to SOUT Terminal
M U X
Mode
IRQSerial
Clock Enable
Write Tx
Read Rx
High-Z to all SP[3:0] Terminals
Control & Status Registers 4-Bit Internal Data Bus
Start Direct MSB/LSB Status Reset Start Shift First
Status to CS/ Ready Terminal
Control Logic
The PSP[3..0] terminal configuration is shown in Figure 13. When the Serial Interface is active then : PSP[1] {Ready / CS) is outputting the ready (slave mode) or the CS signal (master mode). PSP[2] {SOUT} is always an output. PSP[0] {SIN} is always an input. PSP[3] {SCLK} is an output for Master mode {SCLKOut} and an input for Slave mode {SCLKIn}
6.6.1 4-bit Parallel I/O
Selecting OM[1],OM[0] = `1' in register RegSCntl2 the PSP[3:0] terminals are configured as a 4-bit Output. Output data is stored in the register RegSPData . The RegSPData is defined as a read/write register, but what is read is not the register output, but the port PSP[3:0] terminal values Selecting OM[1],OM[0] = `0' in register RegSCntl2 the PSP[3:0] outputs are cut off (tristate). The terminals can be used as inputs with individual (bit-wise) pull-up or pull-down settings.
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Independent of the selected configuration, the PSP[3:0] terminal levels are always readable. Figure 13. Port SP Terminal Configuration
Pull-down Option Register Pd[n] Nch. Open Drain Option Register OD[n]
Active Pull-up in Nch. Open Drain Mode
Internal Data Bus
Mode (direction for SCLKOut Terminal only)
Read Parallel Output Data Register DR[n] MUX Tristate
Serial / Parallel Control
Mask Option MPSPU[n]
I / O Terminal Serial Interface Outputs (SOUT, Ready/CS and SCLK) Parallel Output Read DB[n] Active Pulldown Serial Interface Inputs (SIN and SCLKIn) Read OR Serial Mode SP[n]
Mask Option MPSPD[n]
6.6.2 Pull-up or Pull-down
For each terminal of PSP[3:0] an input pull-up (metal mask MPSPU[n]) or pull-down (metal mask MPSPD[n]) resistor can be implemented per metal mask option. Per default the two metal masks are in place, so one can chose per software to have either a pull-up, a pull-down or no resistor. For Metal mask selection and available resistor values refer to chapter 18.1.4 Pull-down ON : MPSPD[n] must be in place , AND the bit NoPdPS[n] must be `0' . Pull-down OFF: MPSPD[n] is not in place, OR if MPSPD[n] is in place NoPdPS[n] = `1' cuts off the pull-down. OR selecting NchOpDPS[n] = `1' cuts off the pull-down. Pull-up ON * : MPSPU[n] must be in place, AND the bit NchOpDPS[n] must be `1' , AND ( the bits OM[1,0] in RegSysCntl2 = `00' (input mode) OR any of the port SP terminals is in output mode with a logic `1' to be driven) . : MPSPU[n] is not in place, OR if MPSPU[n] is in place NchOpDPS[n] = `0' cuts off the pull-up, OR if MPSPU[n] is in place and NchOpDPS[n] = `1' then SerPData[n] = 0 cuts off the pull-up.
Pull-up OFF*
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For POWER SAVING one can switch off the port SP pull resistors between two read phases. No cross current flows in the input amplifier while the port SP is not read. This power saving feature must only be used in tristate mode (OM[0,1]=0). The recommended order is : * switch on the pull resistor. * allow sufficient time - RC constant - for the pull resistor to drive the line to either VSS or VDD. * Read the port SP * Switch off the pull resistor Minimum time with current on the pull resistor is 4 periods of the system clock, if the RC constant is lower than 1 system clock period. Adding a NOP before reading moves the number of periods with current in the pull resistor to 6 and the maximum RC delay to 3 clock periods.
6.6.3 Nch. Open Drain Outputs
The port SP outputs can be configured as either CMOS or Nch. open drain outputs. In CMOS both logic `1' and `0' are driven out on the terminal. In Nch. open drain only the logic `0' is driven out on the terminal, the logic `1' value is high impedance or defined by the internal pull-up resistor (if existing). Figure 14. CMOS or Nch. Open Drain outputs
CMOS Output
Nch. Open Drain Output
Active Pull-up for High State
MUX DR[n] Serial Interface Output Data
1
I/O Term inal SP[n]
MUX DR[n] Serial Interface Output Data Tristate Output Buffer : High Im pedance for Data = 1
I/O Term inal SP[n]
Tristate Output Buffer : closed
6.6.4 General Functional Description
After power on or after any reset the serial interface is in serial slave mode with Start and Status set to 0, LSB first, negative shift edge and all outputs are in high impedance state. When the Start bit is set, the shift operation is enabled and the serial interface is ready to transmit or receive data, eight shift operations are performed: 8 serial data values are read from the data input terminal into the shift register and the previous loaded 8-bits are send out via the data output terminal. After the eight shift operation, an interrupt is generated, and the Start bit is reset. Parallel to serial conversion procedure ( master mode example ). Write to RegSCntl1 serial control (clock freq. in master mode, edge and MSB/LSB select). Write to RegSDataL and RegSDataH (shift out data values). Write to RegSCntl2 (Start=1, mode select, status). ---> Starts the shift out After the eighth clock an interrupt is generated, Start becomes low. Then, interrupt handling Serial to parallel conversion procedure (slave mode example). Write to RegSCntl1 (slave mode, edge and MSB/LSB select). Write to RegSCntl2 (Start=1, mode select, status). After eight serial clocks an interrupt is generated, Start becomes low. Interrupt handling. Shift register RegSDataL and RegSDataH read. A new shift operation can be authorized.
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6.6.5 Detailed Functional Description
Master or Slave mode is selected in the control register RegSCntl1. In Slave mode, the serial clock comes from an external device and is input via the PSP[3] terminal as a synchronous clock (SCLKIn) to the serial interface. The serial clock is ignored as long as the Start bit is not set. After setting Start, only the eight following active edges of the serial clock input PSP[3] are used to shift the serial data in and out. After eight serial clock edges the Start bit is reset. The PSP[1] terminal is a copy of the (Start OR Status) bit values, it can be used to indicate to the external master, that the interface is ready to operate or it can be used as a chip select signal in case of an external slave. In Master mode, the synchronous serial clock is generated internally from the system clock. The frequency is selected from one out of three sources ( MS0 and MS1 bits in RegSCntl1) . The serial shifting clock is only generated during Start = high and is output to the SCLK terminal as the Master Clock (SCLKOut). When Start is low, the serial clock output on PSP[3] is 0. An interrupt request IRQSerial is generated after the eight shift operations are done. This signal is set by the last negative edge of the serial interface clock on PSP[3] (master or slave mode) and is reset to 0 by the next write of Start or by any reset. This interrupt can be masked with register RegIRQMask3. For more details about the interrupt handling see chapter 10. Serial data input on PSP[0] is sampled by the positive or negative serial shifting clock edge, as selected by the Control Register POSnNeg bit. Serial data input is shifted in LSB first or MSB first, as selected by the Control Register MSBnLSB bit.
6.6.6 Output Modes
Serial data output is given out in two different ways (Refer also to - OM[1] = 1, OM[0] = 0 : The serial output data is generated with the selected shift register clock (POSnNeg). The first data bit is available directly after the Start bit is set. Figure 15 and Figure 16). Figure 15. Direct or Re-Synchronized Output
SIN bit0 bit1 bit2 bit3 bit4 bit5 bit6 bit7 bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bit1 bit0
+ve/-ve Edge
M U X
SOUT
Direct Shift Out
-OM[1] = 0, OM[0] = 1 : The serial output data is re-synchronized by the positive serial interface clock edge, independent of the selected clock shifting edge. The first data bit is available on the first positive serial interface clock edge after Start=`1'.
MSBnLSB
SIN bit0 bit1 bit2 bit3 bit4 bit5 bit6 bit7 bit7 bit6 bit5 bit4 bit3 bit2 bit1 bit0
+ve/-ve Edge +ve Edge clock
M U X
SOUT
bit[n
]
Re-synchronised shift out
Table 6.6.6 Output Mode Selection in RegSCntl2 OM[1] 0 0 1 1 OM[0] 0 1 0 1 Output mode Tristate SerialSynchronized Serial-Direct Parallel Description Output disable (tristate on PSP[3:0]) Re-synchronized positive edge data shift out Direct shift pos. or neg. edge data out Parallel port SP output
Tristate output is selected by default.
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Figure 16 Shift Operation and IRQ Generation
SCLK = System Clock; Clock Source Shift Ck Start IRQ Shift Register SIN 10010011 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 01001100 Active Edge = Neg. Edge; Sense = MSB First
OM[1]=0, OM[0]=1 : Re-Synchronized on positive SCLK clock edge data out SOUT 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
OM[1]=1, OM[0]=0 : direct data out on pos. or neg. SCLK clock edge depending on bit POSnNeg SOUT 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
6.6.7 Reset and Sleep on Port SP
During circuit initialization, all option registers are reset by Power On Reset and therefore all pull-ups are off and all pull-downs are on. During Sleep mode, Port SP inputs are cut-off , the circuit is in Reset State. However the Reset State does not reset the option registers and pull-downs, if previously turned on, remain on even during Sleep mode. After any reset the serial interface parameters are reset to : Slave mode, Start and Status = 0, LSB first, negative edge shift , PSP[3:0] tristate.
Note : A write operation in the control registers or in the data registers while Start is high will change internal values and may cause an error condition. The user must take care of the serial interface status before writing internal registers. In order to read the correct values on the data registers, the shift operation must be halted during the read accesses. Figure 17. Sample Basic Serial Port Connections
Master Mode
EM 6626
SP[3]; SCLKOut SP[2]; SOUT SP[0]; SIN Ready SP[1]: Status
Slave Mode
External EM 6626
SP[3]; SCLKIn SP[2]; SOUT SP[0]; SIN SP[1]; Status
External
Serial Clock Out Serial Data In Serial Data Out Ready
Serial Clock In Serial Data In Serial Data Out Status Output CS
optional connection
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6.7 Serial Interface Registers
Table 6.7.1 Register RegSCntl1
Bit 3 2 1
Description Frequency selection Frequency selection Positive or negative clock edge selection for shift operation 0 MSBnLSB 0 R/W Shift MSB or LSB value first Default "0" is: Slave mode external clock, negative edge, LSB first
Name MS1 MS0 POSnNeg
Reset 0 0 0
R/W R/W R/W R/W
Table 6.7.2 Frequency and Master Slave Mode Selection
MS1 0 0 1 1
MS0 0 1 0 1
Description Slave mode: Clock from external Master mode: System clock / 4 Master mode: System clock / 2 Master mode: System clock
Table 6.7.3 Register RegSCntl2
Bit Name Reset R/W Description 3 Start 0 R/W Enabling the interface, 2 Status 0 R/W Ready or Chip Select output on PSP[1] 1 OM[1] 0 R/W Output mode select 1 0 OM[0] 0 R/W Output mode select 0 Default "0" is: Interface disabled, status 0, serial mode, output tristate.
Table 6.7.4 Register RegSDataL
Bit Name 3 SerDataL[3] 2 SerDataL[2] 1 SerDataL[1] 0 SerDataL[0] Default "0" is: Data equal 0.
Reset 0 0 0 0
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Description Serial data low nibble Serial data low nibble Serial data low nibble Serial data low nibble
Table 6.7.5 Register RegSDataH
Bit Name 3 SerDataH[3] 2 SerDataH[2] 1 SerDataH[1] 0 SerDataH[0] Default "0" is: Data equal 0.
Reset 0 0 0 0
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Description Serial data high nibble Serial data high nibble Serial data high nibble Serial data high nibble
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Table 6.7.6 Register RegSPData
Bit Name Reset R/W 3 SerPData[3] 0 R* /W 2 SerPData[2] 0 R* /W 1 SerPData[1] 0 R* /W 0 SerPData[0] 0 R* /W R* : The input terminal value is read, not the register
Description Parallel output data Parallel output data Parallel output data Parallel output data
Table 6.7.7 Option Register OPTNoPdPS
Bit Name 3 NoPdPS[3] 2 NoPdPS[2] 1 NoPdPS[1] 0 NoPdPS[0] Default "0" is: Pull-down on
0 0 0 0
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Description No pull-down on PSP[3] No pull-down on PSP[2] No pull-down on PSP[1] No pull-down on PSP[0]
Table 6.7.8 Option Register OPTNchOpDPS
Bit Name 3 NchOpDPS[3] 2 NchOpDPS[2] 1 NchOpDPS[1] 0 NchOpDPS[0] Default "0" is: CMOS output
0 0 0 0
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Description Nch. Open Drain on PSP[3] Nch. Open Drain on PSP[2] Nch. Open Drain on PSP[1] Nch. Open Drain on PSP[0]
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7. Melody, Buzzer
A normal application is to drive a buzzer connected onto the terminal Buzzer. This peripheral cell is a combination of a 7 frequency tone generator and a 4-bit timer, used to provide a 50% duty cycle signal on the Buzzer terminal of a pre-selected length and frequency. The Buzzer terminal is active as long as the timer is not 0 or the SwBuzzer is set to `1'. The 4-bit timer can be used for another application independent of the Buzzer terminal by selecting "silence" instead of another frequency on the Buzzer output. "Silence" can also be used as part of a melody, or to switch off the buzzer. To use the buzzer independent of the 4-bit timer one has to set the switch SwBuzzer. This bit is in register RegMelTim and selects the signal duration on the buzzer output. If SwBuzzer=1 then the signal is output until the bit is set back to 0 . With SwBuzzer=0 the output signal duration is controlled by the 4bit timer. If neither the SwBuzzer or the timer are active, the Buzzer terminal is on 0. The high impedance state setting with BzOutEn is independent of the SwBuzzer and Timer settings. As soon as the bit is set to 1 the Buzzer terminal is set tristate. See also Figure 18.
Figure 18. Melody Generator Block Diagram
BzOutEn
Ck[16]
(from Prescaler)
1 Frequency G enerator VSS
8 Frequency Select SwBuzzer
MUX
0
BZ T erm inal
FlBuzzer
C ontrol Logic
Auto
Close Zero
IR Q Bz 4 - B it Tim er
Tim er Clock
(from Prescaler)
C ontrol & Status Registers
Period R egister
Internal Data Bus DB[3:0]
7.1 4-Bit Timer
The timer has 2 modes: - Single run mode (Auto=0) - Continuos run mode (Auto=1) Mode selection and timer count down frequency is done in register RegMelTim. All timer frequencies are coming from the prescaler. The 4-bit timer can be used independent of the melody buzzer application. Whenever the timer reaches 0 it generates an interrupt request IRQBz in the register RegIRQ2 . This interrupt can be masked with the bit MaskIRQBz in register RegIRQMask2. By writing 0 into the timer period register the timer stops immediately and does not generate an interrupt.
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7.1.1 Single Run Mode
The timer duration is controlled by the RegMelPeri value and the selected timer frequency in RegMelTim. The timer is counting down from its previously charged value until it reaches 0. On 0 the timer stops and generates an interrupt request. The buzzer frequency output is enabled after the next positive timer clock edge and remains enabled until the timer reaches 0.
Figure 19. Single Run Mode
Timer Clock
Timer Value
2
1
0
1
0
Buzzer IRQBz
P writes 2 into RegMelPeri
P writes 1 into RegMelPeri
7.1.2 Continuos Run Mode
This is almost the same as the single run mode only that in this case the timer after reaching 0 reloads itself automatically with the register RegMelPeri value. Every time the timer reaches 0 an interrupt request is send. There are 2 ways to stop the continuos mode. * First, changing the mode to single run mode. As the timer reaches 0 it stops. The last period after Auto=0 is of length RegMelPeri + 1. * Second, loading 0 into the timer period register RegMelPeri stops the timer immediately, no interrupt is generated and the Auto flag is reset. The buzzer frequency output is enabled directly by writing Auto=1.
Figure 20. Continuos Run Mode
Timer Clock
Timer Value
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
Buzzer IRQBz
P writes 2 into RegMelPeri P writes Auto = 1
n periods n+1 periods
P writes Auto = 0
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7.2 Programming Order
Single run mode usage 1st, selecting the buzzer frequency into RegMelFSel. 2nd, selecting the timer clock frequency in RegMelTim. 3rd, selecting the timer period in RegMelPeri. --> On the next positive clock edge the buzzer output is enabled. Continuos run mode usage 1st, selecting the buzzer frequency into RegMelFSel. 2nd, selecting the timer clock frequency in RegMelTim (Auto=0). 3rd, selecting the timer period in RegMelPeri. 4th, set bit Auto in RegMelTim. --> Immediately the buzzer output is active. Avoid timer clock frequency switch during buzzer operation.
7.3 Melody Registers
Table 7.3.1 Register RegMelFSel
Bit Name Reset 3 BzOutEn 0 2 MelFSel[2] 0 1 MelFSel[1] 0 0 MelFSel[0] 0 Default : Buzzer tristate, silence
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Description Buzzer Output tristate Buzzer frequency select Buzzer frequency select Buzzer frequency select
Table 7.3.2 Buzzer Output Frequency Selection with MelFSel[2..0]
MelFSel[2] 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
MelFSel[1] 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
MelFSel[0] 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
Frequency VSS (silence) SysClock/8 SysClock/10 SysClock/12 SysClock/14 SysClock/16 SysClock/20 SysClock/24
DO8 SOL7# FA7 RE7 DO7 SOL6# FA6
Table 7.3.3 Register RegMelTim
Bit 3
Name Reset R/W Description SwBuzzer 0 W Write: switch buzzer FlBuzzer 0 R Read: flag buzzer 2 Auto 0 R/W Single or continuos run mode 1 FTimSel1 0 R/W Timer clock frequency select 0 FTimSel0 0 R/W Timer clock frequency select Default : Single run mode, Ck[3] from prescaler as timer clock
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Table 7.3.4 Timer Clock Frequency Select
FTimSel0 0 1 0 1
FTimSel1 0 0 1 1
Timer Clock Ck[3] Ck[5] Ck[7] Ck[1]
On 32 KHz operation 4 Hz 16 Hz 64 Hz 1 Hz
Table 7.3.5 Register RegMelPeri
Bit 3 2 1 0
Name Per[3] Per[2] Per[1] Per[0]
Reset 0 0 0 0
R/W W W W W
Description Melody timer period MSB Melody timer period Melody timer period Melody timer period LSB
The total timer period duration is calculated as following:
Duration = Value(RegMelPeri) x 1/Ck[n]
Where, Ck[n] is the timer clock frequency and Value(RegMelPeri) is the value of the register RegMelPeri.
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8. 10-bit Counter
The EM6626 has a built-in universal cyclic counter. It can be configured as 10, 8, 6 or 4-bit counter. If 10-bits are selected we call that full bit counting, if 8, 6 or 4-bits are selected we call that limited bit counting. The counter works in up- or down count mode. Eight clocks can be used as the input clock source, six of them are prescaler frequencies and two are coming from the input pads PA[0] and PA[3]. In this case the counter can be used as an event counter. The counter generates an interrupt request IRQCount0 every time it reaches 0 in down count mode or 3FF in up count mode. Another interrupt request IRQCntComp is generated in compare mode whenever the counter value matches the compare data register value. Each of this interrupt requests can be masked (default). See section 10 for more information about the interrupt handling. A 10-bit data register CReg[9:0] is used to initialize the counter at a specific value (load into Count[9:0]). This data register (CReg[9:0]) is also used to compare its value against Count[9:0] for equivalence. A Pulse-Width-Modulation signal (PWM) can be generated and output on port B terminal PB[3].
Figure 21. 10-bit Counter Block Diagram
PA[0] Ck[15] Ck[12] Ck[10] Ck[8] Ck[4] Ck[1] PA[3]
IRQCntComp En ck PWM
Comparator
MUX
ck Up/Down En EvCount
RegCDataL, M, H (Count[9:0]) Up/Down Counter Counter Read Register
IRQCount0
RegCCntl1, 2
CountFSel2...0 Up/Down Start EvCount Load EnComp
Load
RegCDataL, M, H (CReg[9:0]) Data Register DB[3:0]
8.1 Full and Limited Bit Counting
Table 7.3.1. Counter length selection
In Full Bit Counting mode the counter uses its maximum BitSel[1] BitSel[0 ] counter length of 10-bits length (default ). With the BitSel[1,0] bits in 0 0 10-Bit register RegCDataH one can lower the counter length, 0 1 8-Bit for IRQ generation, to 8, 6 or 4 bits. This means that 1 0 6-Bit actually the counter always uses all the 10-bits, but 1 1 4-Bit IRQCount0 generation is only performed on the number of selected bits. The unused counter bits may or may not be taken into account for the IRQComp generation depending on bit SelIntFull. Refer to chapter 8.4.
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8.2 Frequency Select and Up/Down Counting
8 different input clocks can be selected to drive the Counter. The selection is done with bits CountFSel2...0 in register RegCCntl1. 6 of this input clocks are coming from the prescaler. The maximum prescaler clock frequency for the counter is half the system clock and the lowest is 1Hz. Therefore a complete counter roll over can take as much as 17.07 minutes (1Hz clock, 10 bit length) or as little as 977 s (Ck[15], 4 bit length). The IRQCount0, generated at each roll over, can be used for time bases, measurements length definitions, input polling, wake up from Halt mode, etc. The IRQCount0 and IRQComp are generated with the system clock Ck[16] rising edge. IRQCount0 condition in up count mode is : reaching 3FF if 10-bit counter length (or FF, 3F, F in 8, 6, 4-bit counter length). In down count mode the condition is reaching `0'. The non-selected bits are `don't care'. For IRQComp refer to section 8.4.
Note: The Prescaler and the Microprocessor clock's are usually non-synchronous, therefore time bases generated are max. n, min. n-1 clock cycles long (n being the selected counter start value in count down mode). However the prescaler clock can be synchronized with P commands using for instance the prescaler reset function. Figure 22. Counter Clock Timing
P r e s c a le r F r e q u e n c ie s o r D e b o u n c e d P o r t A C lo c k s S y s te m C lo c k P r e s c a le r C lo c k C o u n tin g C o u n te r IR Q 's N o n - D e b o u n c e d P o rt A C lo c k s ( S y s te m C lo c k In d e p e n d e n t) S y s te m C lo c k P o rt A C lo c k D iv id e d C lo c k C o u n tin g C o u n te r IR Q 's
The two remaining clock sources are coming from the PA[0] or PA[3] terminals. Refer to the Figure 9 on page 13 for details. Both sources can be either debounced (Ck[11] or Ck[8]) or direct inputs, the input polarity can also be chosen. The output after the debouncer polarity selector is named PA3 , PA0 respectively. For the debouncer and input polarity selection refer to chapter 6.3. In the case of port A input clock without debouncer, the counting clock frequency will be half the input clock on port A. The counter advances on every odd numbered port A negative edge ( divided clock is high level ). IRQCount0 and IRQComp will be generated on the rising PA3 or PA0 input clock edge. In this condition the EM6626 is able to count with a higher clock rate as the internal system clock (Hi-Frequency Input). Maximum port A input frequency is limited to 200kHz (@VDD 1.5 V). If higher frequencies are needed, please contact EM-Marin. In both, up or down count (default) mode, the counter is cyclic. The counting direction is chosen in register RegCCntl1 bit Up/Down (default `0' is down count). The counter increases or decreases its value with each positive clock edge of the selected input clock source. Start up synchronization is necessary because one can not always know the clock status when enabling the counter. With EvCount=0, the counter will only start on the next positive clock edge after a previously latched negative edge, while the Start bit was already set to `1'. This synchronization is done differently if event count mode (bit EvCount) is chosen. Refer also to Figure 23. Internal Clock Synchronization.
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8.3 Event Counting
The counter can be used in a special event count mode where a certain number of events (clocks) on the PA[0] or PA[3] input are counted. In this mode the counting will start directly on the next active clock edge on the selected port A input. The Event Count mode is switched on by setting bit EvCount in the register RegCCntl2 to `1'.PA[3] and PA[0] inputs can be inverted depending on register OPTIntEdgPA and should be debounced. The debouncer is switched on in register OPTDebIntPA bits NoDebIntPA[3,0]=0. Its frequency depends on the bit DebSel from register RegPresc setting. The inversion of the internal clock signal derived from PA[3] or PA[0] is active with IntEdgPA[3] respectively IntEdgPA[0] equal to 1. Refer also to Figure 9 for internal clock signal generation.
Figure 23. Internal Clock Synchronization
Ck Start
Count[9:0] +/-1
Ck Start
Count[9:0] +/-1
Ck Start
Count[9:0]
Ck Start
Count[9:0] +/-1
EvCount = 0
EvCount = 0
EvCount = 1
EvCount = 1
8.4 Compare Function
A previously loaded register value (CReg[9:0]) can be compared against the actual counter value (Count[9:0]). If the two are matching (equality) then an interrupt (IRQComp) is generated. The compare function is switched on with the bit EnComp in the register RegCCntl2. With EnComp = 0 no IRQComp is generated. Starting the counter with the same value as the compare register is possible, no IRQ is generated on start. Full or Limited bit compare are possible, defined by bit SelIntFull in register RegSysCntl1. EnComp must be written after a load operation (Load = 1). Every load operation resets the bit EnComp.
Full bit compare function. Bit SelIntFull is set to `1'. The function behaves as described above independent of the selected counter length. Limited bit counting together with full bit compare can be used to generate a certain amount of IRQCount0 interrupts until the counter generates the IRQComp interrupt. With PWMOn=`1' the counter would have automatically stopped after the IRQComp, with PWMOn=`0' it will continue until the software stops it. EnComp must be cleared before setting SelIntFull and before starting the counter again. Be careful, PWMOn also redefines the port B PB[3] output data.(refer to section 8.5). Limited bit compare With the bit SelIntFull set to `0' (default) the compare function will only take as many bits into account as defined by the counter length selection BitSel[1:0] (see chapter 8.1).
8.5 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
The PWM generator uses the behavior of the Compare function (see above) so EnComp must be set to activate the PWM function.. At each Roll Over or Compare Match the PWM state - which is output on port B PB[3] - will toggle. The start value on PB[3] is forced while EnComp is 0 the value is depending on the up or down count mode. Every counter value load operation resets the bit EnComp and therefore the PWM start value is reinstalled. Setting PWMOn to `1' in register RegPresc routes the counter PWM output to port B terminal PB[3]. Insure that PB[3] is set to output mode . Refer to section 6.4 for the port B setup. The PWM signal generation is independent of the limited or full bit compare selection bit SelIntFull. However if SelIntFull = 1 (FULL) and the counter compare function is limited to lower than 10 bits one can generate a predefined number of output pulses. In this case, the number of output pulses is defined by the value of the unused counter bits. It will count from the start value until the IRQComp match. One must not use a compare value of hex 0 in up count mode nor a value of hex 3FF (or FF,3F, F if limited bit compare) in down count mode.
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For instance, loading the counter in up count mode with hex 000 and the comparator with hex C52 which will be identified as : - bits[11:10] are limiting the counter to limits to 4 bits length, =03 - bits [9:4] are the unused counter bits = hex 05 (bin 000101), - bits [3:0] (comparator value = 2). (BitSel[1,0]) (number of PWM pulses) (length of PWM pulse)
Thus after 5 PWM-pulses of 2 clocks cycles length the Counter generates an IRQComp and stops. The same example with SelIntFull=0 (limited bit compare) will produce an unlimited number of PWM at a length of 2 clock cycles.
8.5.1 How the PWM Generator works.
For Up Count Mode; Setting the counter in up count and PWM mode the PB[3] PWM output is defined to be 0 (EnComp=0 forces the PWM output to 0 in upcount mode, 1 in downcount). Each Roll Over will set the output to `1' and each Compare Match will set it back to `0'. The Compare Match for PWM always only works on the defined counter length. This, independent of the SelIntFull setting which is valid only for the IRQ generation. Refer also to the compare setup in chapter 8.4.
In above example the PWM starts counting up on hex 0, 2 cycles later compare match -> PWM to `0', 14 cycles later roll over -> PWM to `1' 2 cycles later compare match -> PWM to `0' , etc. until the completion of the 5 pulses. The normal IRQ generation remains on during PWM output. If no IRQ's are wanted, the corresponding masks need to be set.
Figure 24. PWM Output in Up Count Mode
Clock Count[9 :0] 03E Roll-over Compare IRQCount0 IRQComp 03F 000 001 ... Data-1 Data Data+1 Data+2
Figure 25. PWM Output in Down Count Mode
Clock Count[9 :0] 001 Roll-over 000 3FF 3FE ... Data+1 Data Data-1 Data-2
Compare IRQCount0 IRQComp
PWM output
PWM output
In Down Count Mode everything is inverted. The PWM output starts with the `1' value. Each Roll Over will set the output to `0' and each Compare Match will set it back to `1'. For limited pulse generation one must load the complementary pulse number value. I.e. for 5 pulses counting on 4 bits load bits[9 :4] with hex 3A (bin 111010).
8.5.2 PWM Characteristics
PWM resolution is : 10bits (1024 steps), 8bits (256 steps), 6bits (64 steps) or 4 bits (16 steps) the minimal signal period is : 16 (4-bit) x Fmax* -> 16 x 1/Ck[15] -> 977 s (32 KHz) the maximum signal period is : 1024 x Fmin* -> 1024 x 1/Ck[1] -> 1024 s (32 KHz) the minimal pulse width is : 1 bit -> 1 x 1/Ck[15] -> 61 s (32 KHz) * This values are for Fmax or Fmin derived from the internal system clock (32kHz). Much shorter (and longer) PWM pulses can be achieved by using the port A as frequency input. One must not use a compare value of hex 0 in up count mode nor a value of hex 3FF (or FF,3F, F if limited bit compare) in downcount mode.
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8.6 Counter Setup
RegCDataL[3:0], RegCDataM[3:0], RegCDataH[1:0] are used to store the initial count value called CReg[9:0] which is written into the count register bits Count[9:0] when writing the bit Load to `1' in RegCCntl2. This bit is automatically reset thereafter. The counter value Count[9:0] can be read out at any time, except when using non-debounced high frequency port A input clock. To maintain data integrity the lower nibble Count[3:0] must always be read first. The ShCount[9:4] values are shadow registers to the counter. To keep the data integrity during a counter read operation (3 reads), the counter values [9:4] are copied into these registers with the read of the count[3:0] register. If using non-debounced high frequency port A input the counter must be stopped while reading the Count[3:0] value to maintain the data integrity. In down count mode an interrupt request IRQCount0 is generated when the counter reaches 0. In up count mode, an interrupt request is generated when the counter reaches 3FF (or FF,3F,F if limited bit counting).
Never an interrupt request is generated by loading a value into the counter register. When the counter is programmed from up into down mode or vice versa, the counter value Count[9:0] gets inverted. As a consequence, the initial value of the counter must be programmed after the Up/Down selection. Loading the counter with hex 000 is equivalent to writing stop mode, the Start bit is reset, no interrupt request is generated. How to use the counter; If PWM output is required one has to put the port B[3] in output mode and set PWMOn=1 in step 5. 1st, set the counter into stop mode (Start=0). 2nd, select the frequency and up- or down count mode in RegCCntl1. 3rd, write the data registers RegCDataL, RegCDataM, RegCDataH (counter start value and length) 4th, load the counter, Load=1, and choose the mode. (EvCount, EnComp=0) 5th, select bits PWMOn in RegPresc and SelIntFull in RegSysCntl1 6th, if compare mode desired , then write RegCDataL, RegCDataM, RegCDataH (compare value) 7th, set bit Start and select EnComp in RegCCntl2
8.7 10-bit Counter Registers
Table 8.7.1 Register RegCCntl1
Bit Name Reset R/W 3 Up/Down 0 R/W 2 CountFSel2 0 R/W 1 CountFSel1 0 R/W 0 CountFsel0 0 R/W Default : PA0 ,selected as input clock, Down counting
Description Up or down counting Input clock selection Input clock selection Input clock selection
Table 8.7.2 Counter Input Frequency Selection with CountFSel[2..0]
CountFSel2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
CountFSel1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
CountFSel0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
clock source selection Port A PA[0] Prescaler Ck[15] Prescaler Ck[12] Prescaler Ck[10] Prescaler Ck[8] Prescaler Ck[4] Prescaler Ck[1] Port A PA[3]
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Table 8.7.3 Register RegCCntl2 Bit Name Reset R/W Description 3 Start 0 R/W Start/Stop control 2 EvCount 0 R/W Event counter enable 1 EnComp 0 R/W Enable comparator 0 Load 0 R/W Write: load counter register; Read: always 0 Default : Stop, no event count, no comparator, no load Table 8.7.4 Register RegSysCntl1 Bit Name Reset 3 IntEn 0 2 SLEEP 0 1 SelIntFull 0 0 ChTmDis 0 Default : Interrupt on limited bit compare
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Description General interrupt enable Sleep mode Compare Interrupt select For EM test only
Table 8.7.5 Register RegCDataL, Counter/Compare Low Data Nibble Bit Name Reset R/W 3 CReg[3] 0 W 2 CReg[2] 0 W 1 CReg[1] 0 W 0 CReg[0] 0 W 3 Count[3] 0 R 2 Count[2] 0 R 1 Count[1] 0 R 0 Count[0] 0 R Table 8.7.6 Register RegCDataM, Counter/Compare Middle Data Nibble Bit Name Reset R/W 3 CReg[7] 0 W 2 CReg[6] 0 W 1 CReg[5] 0 W 0 CReg[4] 0 W 3 ShCount[7] 0 R 2 ShCount[6] 0 R 1 ShCount[5] 0 R 0 ShCount[4] 0 R
Description Counter data bit 3 Counter data bit 2 Counter data bit 1 Counter data bit 0 Data register bit 3 Data register bit 2 Data register bit 1 Data register bit 0
Description Counter data bit 7 Counter data bit 6 Counter data bit 5 Counter data bit 4 Data register bit 7 Data register bit 6 Data register bit 5 Data register bit 4
Table 8.7.7 Register RegCDataH, Counter/Compare High Data Nibble Bit Name Reset R/W Description 3 BitSel[1] 0 R/W Bit select for limited bit count/compare 2 BitSel[0] 0 R/W Bit select for limited bit count/compare 1 CReg[9] 0 W Counter data bit 9 0 CReg[8] 0 W Counter data bit 8 1 ShCount[9] 0 R Data register bit 9 0 ShCount[8] 0 R Data register bit 8 Table 8.7.8 Counter Length Selection BitSel[1] BitSel[0 ] counter length 0 0 10-Bit 0 1 8-Bit 1 0 6-Bit 1 1 4-Bit
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9. Millisecond Counter
The EM6626 has a built-in millisecond binary coded decimal counter. It can be used to measure the time elapsed between two events (hardware or software events). With a system clock of 32kHz, the counter generates every 1/10 second or every second an interrupt request. The counter value read on registers RegMSCDataL, RegMSCDataM and RegMSCDataH is in binary coded decimal format (000 to 999). To maintain the data integrity for the 3 decimal digits inside BCD[11:0] one must stop the counter while reading the full 3 digit value. An overflow flag FlSec is set whenever the counter reached 999. This flag is helpful when the counter is used in polling mode and twice the same value is read. In this case, if the flag is set to 1, it indicates that the two readings were 1 second apart, in the case the flag is not set, the two readings must have been very short one after the other. After every read of RegMSCCntl2 the FlSec gets automatically reset. The millisecond counter is reset with every system reset. Setting the ResMSC flag located in register RegMSCCntl1 resets the counter value only. This flag is automatically reset after the write operation. For good resolution in Pa3-mode use the Ck[14 ] debouncer clock (250us). Or if the 1/1000 sec is not relevant then choose Ck[10] (4ms) as debouncer clock. Doing so will save power. The debouncer selection is made in register RegMSCCntl2 bit DebFreqSel.
Figure 26. MSC Block Diagram
This signal used as reference in text description
PA[3] Term inal
Ck[14 Ck[10] 0 1
RegMSCCntl1,2 PA3 Debouncer
PosEdg 1 NegEdg 0
PA3Internal
Start/Stop Control dT/MSC
EN
RunEn dT/MSC PA3/uP
DebFreqSel
PA3Edge
Data Bus
4
FlSecl
Data
Data
Data
BCD 1/10 Sec
BCD 1/100 Sec
BCD 1/1000 Sec
CK1000
1/10 Sec 0 1 Sec 1 IRQMSC
IntSel
Changing PA3Edge while RunEn=1 or PA3/up=1 may generate a MSC event (start or stop). This behavior is useful for the - CPU controlled start and PA3 controlled stop - mode, But in general one does all the setup before starting the counter.
9.1 PA[3] Input for MSC
In hardware Start/Stop mode the counter is triggered with the port A terminal PA[3] input. In this case PA[3] is debounced with the prescaler Ck[14] (or Ck[10]) clock. The triggering edge selection is made with bit PA3Edge in register RegMSCCntl2 (default negative edge). The PA[3] input for the millisecond counter is totally independent of the PA[3] interrupt edge selection and the PA[3] polarity selection for the 10 bit counter. However the pull-up or pull-down selection is common to all peripheries sharing the port A.
9.2 IRQ from MSC
An Interrupt request IRQMSC is send on either every 1/10 seconds or every second, depending on the bit IntSel in register RegMSCCntl2. For interrupt handling please refer to the interrupt control section.
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9.3 MSC-Modes
The millisecond counter can have many different modes of operation. The most common are : - CPU controlled start and stop. - CPU controlled start and PA[3] controlled stop. - Port A terminal PA[3] controlled start and stop mode. - Pulse width measurement of port A terminal PA[3] input signals. All these different modes are controlled with the bits in the registers RegMSCCntl1 and RegMSCCntl2. The main bits are : - dT/MSC ; Pulse-width or start stop measure. This bit only has a action if PA[3] input is chosen. If pulsewidth measure is selected, the counter starts with the first active edge on PA[3] and stops with the next inverse edge (sets RunEn = 0). If MSC measure selected, the counter starts with the first active PA[3] edge, stops on the next, restarts on the following etc. It does not reset RunEn. Direct port A terminal PA[3] or CPU (P) controlled start and stop function. If direct PA[3] controlled start stop mode is chosen the counter, once enabled by setting RunEn/Stop = 1, starts counting on the first active edge seen on PA[3]. It stops counting depending on the dT/MSC bit either on the next inverse edge or on the next active edge. If P is chosen, the counter starts and stops depending on bit RunEn/Stop.
- PA3/P ;
- RunEn/Stop; In CPU mode this bit starts or stops the counter. In PA3 mode it enables the counter which will start with the next event on port A terminal PA[3]. If dT and PA3 mode, the RunEn gets reset with the second active PA[3] edge. - PA3Edge ; This bit selects the active PA[3] edge which will trigger the dT/MSC selected measurement mode. It has no effect if PA3/P=0. Default 0 is negative edge.
9.4 Mode selection
Before using, the MSC counter needs to be reset by setting bit ResMSC to `1'. This bit is automatically reset thereafter. Then select the IRQ frequency and the counting mode. Now the RunEn can be set to `1' . To display the counter value during run you may only want to read the MSB (1/10 sec) digit ,driven by IRQ or with polling, and fully read the MSC value only once the counter is stopped. The counter data registers are read only. Any Reset (system reset, POR, watchdog) is setting the MSC into stop mode and clears the counter registers.
* CPU controlled Start and Stop
As soon as the CPU writes the start bit RunEn/Stop=1 the counter starts up counting until the CPU clears the start bit. The bit PA3/uP is `0' for this mode.
Figure 27. CPU controlled Start Stop
CPU write RunEn/Stop Start Counter Counting Stop
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* CPU controlled Start and PA[3] controlled Stop. In this mode setting the bit RunEn=1 while PA3/uP=0 while immediately start the counting action. Afterwards one needs to prepare for the stop by PA[3]. Therefore the PA[3] start condition must first be fulfilled. This is in dT mode a rising edge on the PA3internal signal (PA3internal, refer to Figure 26). In MSC mode the start condition is a positive pulse on PA3internal signal. The creation of this edge or pulse is done per software by manipulating the PA3Edge selection. See Figure 28 for details. Afterwards one can change to PA3 controlled stop mode (PA3/uP=1) where the next positive edge on PA3internal will stop the Counter. In dT mode the RunEn/stop bit will be cleared with the PA3 stop condition where as in MSC mode MSC mode the RunEn is not cleared. Figure 28. CPU controlled Start PA[3] controlled Stop
d T /M S C = 1 , S to p o n P A [3 ] R is in g E d g e C P U W r ite R u n E n /S to p P A 3 /u P P A [3 ] PA3Edge P A 3 In te rn a l C ount S ta rt P C o u n tin g S ta rt PA3 S to p Set In itia l V a lu e s d T /M S C = 1 , S to p o n P A [3 ] F a llin g E d g e C P U W r ite R u n E n /S to p P A 3 /u P P A [3 ] PA3Edge P A 3 In te rn a l C ount S ta rt P C o u n tin g S ta rt PA3 S to p Set In itia l V a lu e s
d T /M S C = 0 , S to p o n P A [3 ] R is in g E d g e C P U W r ite R u n E n /S to p P A 3 /u P P A [3 ] PA3Edge P A 3 In te rn a l C ount S ta rt P C o u n tin g S ta rt PA3 S to p Set In itia l V a lu e s
d T /M S C = 0 , S to p o n P A [3 ] F a llin g E d g e C P U W r ite R u n E n /S to p P A 3 /u P P A [3 ] PA3Edge P A 3 In te rn a l C ount S ta rt P C o u n tin g S ta rt PA3 S to p Set In itia l V a lu e s
* Pulse-width measurement of PA[3] Input Signals. In this mode the bit dT/MSC=1 and PA3/uP=1. Setting RunEn/stop=1 enables the operation. The first positive edge on PA3Internal signal will start the counter, the following negative edge will stop the counter end set bit RunEn/Stop to 0 . PA3internal signal is a copy of the PA[3] terminal status if PA3Edge=1. with PA3Edge=0 PA3Internal has the inverted PA[3] value. See also Figure 26 and Figure 29. * Port A PA[3] controlled Start and Stop Mode. In this mode the bit dT/MSC=0 and PA3/uP=1. Setting RunEn/stop=1 enables the operation. The first positive edge on PA3Internal signal will start the counter , the second edge will stop the counter, the third one will restart, etc, . PA3internal signal is a copy of the PA[3] terminal status if PA3Edge=1. With PA3Edge=0 PA3Internal has the inverted PA[3] value. See also Figure 26 and Figure 29.
Figure 29. dT/MSC behavior
dT/MSC, PA3/up=1 PA3 internal start Counter RunEn Counting stop Pulse-width Measurem ent
dT/MSC=0, PA3/up=1 PA3 internal start Counter RunEn
Period m easurem ent
stop
restart Counting
Counting
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9.5 Millisecond Counter Registers
Table 9.5.1 Register RegMSCCntl1
Bit 3 2 1 0
Name RunEn/Stop PA3/P dT/MSC ResMSC
Reset 0 0 0 0
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Description Enable counter Port A or CPU start stop control Pulse-width measurement Reset if write of 1 Read value is always 0
Default: Stop, CPU controlled.
Table 9.5.2 Register RegMSCCntl2
Bit Name Reset R/W Description 3 DebFreqSel 0 R/W Debouncer frequency select 2 PA3Edge 0 R/W PA[3] edge selection 1 IntSel 0 R/W Interrupt source selection 0 FlSec 0 R Seconds flag Default: Ck[14] is debouncer clock, negative edge, 1/10 Sec Interrupt requests
Table 9.5.3 Register RegMSCDataL
Bit 3 2 1 0
Name BCD[3] BCD[2] BCD[1] BCD[0]
Reset 0 0 0 0
R/W R R R R
Description 1/1000 Seconds BCD value 3 1/1000 Seconds BCD value 2 1/1000 Seconds BCD value 1 1/1000 Seconds BCD value 0
Table 9.5.4 Register RegMSCDataM
Bit 3 2 1 0
Name BCD[7] BCD[6] BCD[5] BCD[4]
Reset 0 0 0 0
R/W R R R R
Description 1/100 Seconds BCD value 3 1/100 Seconds BCD value 2 1/100 Seconds BCD value 1 1/100 Seconds BCD value 0
Table 9.5.5 Register RegMSCDataH
Bit 3 2 1 0
Name BCD[11] BCD[10] BCD[9] BCD[8]
Reset 0 0 0 0
R/W R R R R
Description 1/10 Seconds BCD value 3 1/10 Seconds BCD value 2 1/10 Seconds BCD value 1 1/10 Seconds BCD value 0
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10. Interrupt Controller
The EM6626 has 12 different interrupt request sources, each of which is maskable. Five of them come from external sources and seven from internal sources.
External(4) - Port A, - Serial Interface PA[3] .. PA[0] inputs
Internal(8)
- Prescaler Ck[1], Blink, 32Hz/8Hz - Melody timer - Serial Interface - Millisecond-Counter 1/10Sec or 1Sec - 10-bit Counter Count0, CountComp
To be able to send an interrupt to the CPU, at least one of the interrupt request flags must `1' (IRQxx) and the general interrupt enable bit IntEn located in the register RegSysCntl1 must be set to 1. The interrupt request flags can only be set high by a positive edge on the IRQxx data flip-flop while the corresponding mask register bit (MaskIRQxx) is set to 1.
Figure 30. Interrupt Controller Block Diagram
One of these Blocks for each IRQ
DB DB[n] Write Mask
Interrupt Request Capture Register
General INT En
Write
IRQxx
IRQ to P
12 Input-OR
Read ClrIntBit Reset
At power on or after any reset all interrupt request mask registers are cleared and therefore do not allow any interrupt request to be stored. Also the general interrupt enable IntEn is set to 0 (No IRQ to CPU) by reset. After each read operation on the interrupt request registers RegIRQ1, RegIRQ2 or RegIRQ3 the contents of the addressed register are reset. Therefore one has to make a copy of the interrupt request register if there was more than one interrupt to treat. Each interrupt request flag may also be reset individually by writing 1 into it . Interrupt handling priority must be resolved through software by deciding which register and which flag inside the register need to be serviced first. Since the CPU has only one interrupt subroutine and the IRQxx registers are cleared after reading, the CPU does not miss any interrupt request which comes during the interrupt service routine. If any occurs during this time a new interrupt will be generated as soon as the software comes out of the current interrupt subroutine.
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Any interrupt request sent by a periphery cell while the corresponding mask is not set will not be stored in the interrupt request register. All interrupt requests are stored in their IRQxx registers depending only on their mask setting and not on the general interrupt enable status. Whenever the EM6626 goes into halt mode the IntEn bit is automatically set to 1, thus allowing to resume from halt mode with an interrupt.
10.1 Interrupt Control Registers
Table 10.1.6 Register RegIRQ1
Bit Name Reset R/W 3 IRQPA[3] 0 R* 2 IRQPA[2] 0 R* 1 IRQPA[1] 0 R* 0 IRQPA[0] 0 R* *; Writing of 1 clears the corresponding bit.
Table 10.1.7 Register RegIRQ2
Description Port A PA[3] interrupt request Port A PA[2] interrupt request Port A PA[1] interrupt request Port A PA[0] interrupt request
Bit Name Reset R/W 3 IRQHz1 0 R* 2 IRQHz32/8 0 R* 1 IRQBlink 0 R* 0 IRQBz 0 R* *; Writing of 1 clears the corresponding bit.
Table 10.1.8 Register RegIRQ3
Description Prescaler interrupt request Prescaler interrupt request Prescaler interrupt request Melody timer interrupt request
Bit Name Reset R/W 3 IRQSerial 0 R* 2 IRQMSC 0 R* 1 IRQCount0 0 R* 0 IRQCntComp 0 R* *; Writing of 1 clears the corresponding bit.
Table 10.1.9 Register RegIRQMask1
Description Serial interrupt request Millisecond counter int. request Counter interrupt request Counter interrupt request
Bit 3 2 1 0
Name Reset MaskIRQPA[3] 0 MaskIRQPA[2] 0 MaskIRQPA[1] 0 MaskIRQPA[0] 0 Interrupt is not stored if the mask bit is 0.
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Description Port A PA[3] interrupt mask Port A PA[2] interrupt mask Port A PA[1] interrupt mask Port A PA[0] interrupt mask
Table 10.1.10 Register RegIRQMask2
Bit 3 2 1 0
Name Reset MaskIRQHz1 0 MaskIRQHz32/8 0 MaskIRQBlink 0 MaskIRQBz 0 Interrupt is not stored if the mask bit is 0.
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Description Prescaler interrupt mask Prescaler interrupt mask Prescaler interrupt mask Melody timer interrupt mask
Table 10.1.11 Register RegIRQMask3
Bit 3 2 1 0
Name Reset MaskIRQSerial 0 MaskIRQMSC 0 MaskIRQCount0 0 MaskIRQCntComp 0 Interrupt is not stored if the mask bit is 0
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Description Serial interrupt mask Millisecond counter int. mask Counter interrupt mask Counter interrupt mask
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11. Supply Voltage Level Detector
The EM6626 has a built-in Supply Voltage Level Detector (SVLD) circuitry, such that the CPU can compare the supply voltage against a pre-selected value. During sleep mode this function is inhibited. The CPU activates the supply voltage level Figure 31. SVLD Timing Diagram detector by writing VldStart = 1 in the register SVLD > VBAT SVLD < VBAT RegVldCntl. The actual measurement starts on VBAT =VDD the next Ck[9] rising edge and lasts during the Compare Level Ck[9] high period (2 ms at 32 KHz). The busy flag VldBusy stays high from VldStart set until Ck[9] (256 Hz) the measurement is finished. The worst case CPU starts CPU starts time until the result is available is 1.5 Ck[9] measure measure prescaler clock periods (32 KHz -> 6 ms). The Busy Flag detection level must be defined in register RegVldLevel before the VldStart bit is set. Measure During the actual measurement (2 ms) the 0 1 device will draw an additional 5 A of IVDD Result current. After the end of the measure the result Read Result is available by inspection of the bit VldResult. If the result is read 0, then the power supply voltage was greater than the detection level value. If read 1, the power supply voltage was lower than the detection level value. During each read while Busy=1 the VldResult is not guaranteed.
11.1 SVLD Register
Table 11.1.1 Register RegVldCntl
Bit Name Reset R/W 3 VldResult 0 R* 2 VldStart 0 W 2 VldBusy 0 R 1 NoOscWD 0 R/W 0 NoLogicWD 0 R/W R*; Read value while VLDBusy=1 is not guaranteed.
Table 11.1.2 Register RegVldLevel (Detection Level Value)
Description Vld result flag Vld start Vld busy flag No Oscillator watchdog No logic watchdog
Bit 3 2 1 0
Name -VldLevel2 VldLevel1 VldLevel0
Reset x 0 0 0
R/W -R/W R/W R/W
Description not active Vld level selection Vld level selection Vld level selection
Table 11.1.3 Voltage Level Detector Value Selecting
Level1 Level2 Level3 Level4 Level5 Level6 Level7 Level8
VldLevel2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
VldLevel1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
VldLevel0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
Typical voltage level 4.00 2.95 2.35 1.95 1.70 1.45 1.30 1,20
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12. Strobe Output
The Strobe output is used to indicate either the EM6626 reset condition, a write operation on port B (WritePB) or the sleep mode. The selection is done in register RegLcdCntl1. Per default, the reset condition is output on the Strobe terminal. For a port B write operation the strobe signal goes high for half a system clock period. Data can be latched on the falling edge of the strobe signal. This function is used to indicate when data on port B output terminals is changing. The reset signal on the Strobe output is a copy of the internal CPU reset signal. The Strobe pin remains active high as long as the CPU gets the reset. Both the reset condition and the port B write operation can be output simultaneously on the Strobe pin. The strobe output select latches are reset by initial power on reset only.
Figure 32 . Strobe Output
Reset
0 1 2 3 0 1
Table 11.1.1. Strobe Output Selection
StrobeOutSel1 0 StrobeOutSel0 0 Strobe Terminal Output System Reset System Reset and WritePB WritePB Sleep
Reset, WritePB WritePB Sleep
Terminal Strobe
0 1 1
1 0 1
StrobeOutSel0 StrobeOutSel1
12.1 Strobe Register
Table 12.1.1 Register RegLCDCntl1
Bit 3 2 1 0
Name StrobeOutSel1 StrobeOutSel0 CkTripSel1 CkTripSel0
power on value 0 0 0 0
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Description Strobe output select Strobe output select LCD multiplier clock select LCD multiplier clock select
The CKTripSel1, CKTripSel0 values are reset with every system reset.
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13. RAM
The EM6626 has two 64x4 bit RAM's built-in. The main RAM (RAM1) is direct addressable on addresses decimal(0 to 63). A second RAM (RAM2) is indirect addressable on addresses 64,65, 66 and 67 together with the index from RegIndexAdr.
Figure 33. Ram Architecture
64 x 4 direct addressable RAM1
RAM1_63 RAM1_62 RAM1_61 RAM1_60
64 x 4 indexed addressable RAM2
RAM2_3
RegIndexAdr[F] RegIndexAdr[E] ... RegIndexAdr[1] RegIndexAdr[0] RegIndexAdr[F] RegIndexAdr[E] ... RegIndexAdr[1] RegIndexAdr[0] RegIndexAdr[F] RegIndexAdr[E] ... RegIndexAdr[1] RegIndexAdr[0] RegIndexAdr[F] RegIndexAdr[E] ... RegIndexAdr[1] RegIndexAdr[0] 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W ... 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W ... 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W ... 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W ... 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W
4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W
RAM2_2
. . .
. . .
RAM2_1
RAM1_3 RAM1_2 RAM1_1 RAM1_0
4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W
RAM2_0
The RAM2 addressing is indirect using the RegIndexAdr value as an offset to the directly addressed base RAM2_0, RAM2_1 , RAM2_2 or RAM2_3 registers. To write or read the RAM2 the user has first to set the offset value in the RegIndexAdr register. The actual access then is made on the RAM2 base addresses RAM2_0 , RAM2_1, RAM2_2 or RAM2_3. Refer to Figure 33. Ram Architecture, for the address mapping. i.e. Writing hex(5) to Ram2 add location 30: First write hex(E) to RegIndexAdr, then write hex(5) to RAM2_1
RAM Extension : Unused R/W Registers can often be used as possible RAM extension. Be careful not to use register which start, stop, or reset some functions. Unused LCD register latches can also be used as RAM memory. In case of 3 times multiplex and using all the 20 Segment outputs you may have five additional 4 bit registers.. Also for each unused Segment output you may have one additional 4 bit register.
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14. LCD Driver
The EM6626 has a built-in Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) driver. A maximum of 128 Segments can be displayed using the 32 Segment driver outputs (SEG[32:1) in 4:1 multiplex ,96 Segments in the case of 3:1 multiplex, and the 4 back-planes (COM[4:1]). The LCD driver has its own voltage regulator (1.05 Volt) and voltage multiplier to generate the driver bias voltages VL1, VL2 and VL3 (VLCD). Using the metal1 mask the user can choose higher LCD reference voltages. Please check with EM Microelectronic the possible values and their impact on power consumption. The special architecture of this LCD driver allows the user to freely specify the data and address for each individual Segment using the interconnect metal2 mask . It therefore adapts to every possible LCD display with a maximum of 128 independent segments. The LCD clock frequency is by default 256Hz. Other two possible options are 341Hz or 512Hz (refer to table 18.1.8). Thus the frame frequency is for instance 256/8 Hz if 4:1 multiplex, or 256/6 if 3:1 multiplex.
Figure 34. LCD Architecture
VL3 x3 LCD Off VL2
Enable RefLCD Voltage Multiplier
x2
LCD External Supply
VL1 x1
LCD Blank
1 2
Phase 1 to 4
Von
Voff SEG[n]
MUX 3 4
Address Bus
Data Bus
Data Latches
Phase Selection
Output Switches
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14.1 LCD Control
The LCD driver has two control registers RegLCDCntl1, RegLCDCntl2 to optimize for display contrast, power consumption, operation mode and bias voltage source.
LCDExtSupply: Choosing external supply (LCDExtSupply =`1') disables the internal LCD voltage regulator and voltage multiplier, it also puts the bias voltage terminals VL1, VL2 and VL3 into high impedance state. External bias levels can now be connected to VL1, VL2 and VL3 terminals. (Resistor divider chain or others).
Another way to adapt the VL1, VL2 and VL3 levels to specific user needs is to overdrive the VL1 output (LCDExtSupply =0) with the desired value. The internal multiplier will multiply this new VL1 level to generate the corresponding levels VL2 and VL3. The bit LCDExtSupply is only reset by initial POR.
LCD4Mux: With this switch one selects either 3:1 or 4:1 (default) times multiplexing of the 32 Segment driver outputs. In the case of 3:1 multiplexing the COM[4] is off.
LCDOff: Disables the LCD. The voltage multiplier and regulator are switched off ( 0 current ).The Segment latch information is maintained. The VL1,VL2 and VL3 outputs are pulled to VSS.
LCDBlank: All Segment outputs are turned off. The voltage multiplier and regulator remain switched on. LCDBlank can be used with the 1Hz and Blink interrupt to let the whole display blink (software controlled).
CkTripSel1,0: Selecting the appropriate voltage multiplier frequency to optimize display contrast and power consumption. This value to use is also depending on the selected multiplier booster capacitors (typically 100nF).
14.2 LCD Addressing
The LCD driver addressing is indirect using the RegIndexAdr value as an offset to the directly addressed base LCD_1, LCD_2 or LCD_3 registers. All LCD Segment registers are R/W. At address LCD_3 only the first 8 Index locations are usable. The Index locations hex(8 to F) are non implemented. A total of 40 addresses are available to the user to freely define the addressing of the LCD Segment latches. For each of these latches the user may choose the address and data to be connected. See also section 14.3. However only 32x4 LCD Segment latches are implemented. The unused address locations are empty and can not be used as RAM.
Figure 35. LCD Address Mapping
40 x 4 Indexed Addressable LCD Latches but Maximum 32x4 Bits are R/W
RegIndexAdr[8] RegIndexAdr[7] 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W
LCD_3
...
RegIndexAdr[1] RegIndexAdr[0] RegIndexAdr[F] RegIndexAdr[E]
...
4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W
LCD_2
...
RegIndexAdr[1] RegIndexAdr[0] RegIndexAdr[F] RegIndexAdr[E]
...
4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W
LCD_1
...
RegIndexAdr[1] RegIndexAdr[0]
...
4 bit R/W 4 bit R/W
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14.3 Free Segment Allocation
Each Segment (SEG[32:1]) terminal outputs the time multiplexed information from its 4 Segment data latches. Information stored in latch 1 is output during phase1, latch 2 during phase 2, latch 3 during phase 3 and latch 4 during phase 4. In the case of 3 to 1 multiplexing the phase 4 and the latch 4 are not used. This phase information on the segment outputs together with the common outputs (COM[4:1]) - also called back-planes defines if a given LCD segment is light or not. COM[1] is on during phase 1 and off during phase 2,3,4 , COM[2] is on during phase 2 and off during phase 1,3,4 , etc. For each segment data latch the address location within the LCD address spacing (LCD_3 + Index(8), LCD_2 + Index(16), LCD_1 + Index(16) --> LCDAdr[39:0]) can be user defined. For each segment data latch the data bus connection (DB[3:0]) can be user defined.
Table 14.3.1 Default LCD Configuration
Segment outputs SEG[1] SEG[2] SEG[3] ... SEG[30] SEG[31] SEG[32]
COM[1] = phase1 DB[0], LCDAdr[0] DB[0], LCDAdr[1] DB[0], LCDAdr[2] ... DB[0], LCDAdr[29] DB[0], LCDAdr[30] DB[0], LCDAdr[31]
COM[2] = phase2 DB[1], LCDAdr[0] DB[1], LCDAdr[1] DB[1], LCDAdr[2] ... DB[1], LCDAdr[29] DB[1], LCDAdr[30] DB[1], LCDAdr[31]
COM[3] = phase3 DB[2], LCDAdr[0] DB[2], LCDAdr[1] DB[2], LCDAdr[2] ... DB[2], LCDAdr[29] DB[2], LCDAdr[30] DB[2], LCDAdr[31]
COM[4] = phase4 DB[3], LCDAdr[0] DB[3], LCDAdr[1] DB[3], LCDAdr[2] ... DB[3], LCDAdr[29] DB[3], LCDAdr[30] DB[3], LCDAdr[31]
14.4 LCD Registers
Table 14.4.1 Register RegLcdCntl1
Bit Name Reset R/W 3 StrobeOutSel1 POR to `0' R/W 2 StrobeOutSel0 POR to `0' R/W 1 CkTripSel1 0 R/W 0 CkTripSel0 0 R/W StrobeOutSel1,0 is reset by initial power on only.
Table 14.4.2 Multiplier Clock Frequency Select
Description Strobe output select Strobe output select LCD multiplier clock select LCD multiplier clock select
CkTripSel0 0 1 0 1
CkTripSel1 0 0 1 1
Multiplier Clock Ck[10] Ck[9] Ck[8] Ck[7]
on 32 KHz operation 512 Hz 256 Hz 128 Hz 64 Hz
Table 14.4.3 Register LcdCntl2
Bit Name Reset 3 LCDBlank 1 2 LCDOff 1 1 LCD4Mux 1 POR to `0' 0 LCDExtSupply LCDExtSupply is reset to `0' by POR only.
R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Description LCD Segment outputs off LCD off (multiplier off) 4 : 1 multiplexed External supply for VL1, VL2 and VL3
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Figure 36 LCD Multiplexing Waveform
CkLcd Frame SEG[1] SEG[2] SEG[3] SEG[4] SEG[5] COM1 COM2 COM1
VL3 VL2 VL1 VSS
COM3 COM4
COM2
VL3 VL2 VL1 VSS
COM1 VL3 VL2 SEG[1]
VL1 VSS
-VL1
COM3
VL3 VL2 VL1 VSS
value = hex 0
-VL2 -VL3
COM4
VL3 VL2 VL1 VSS
COM1 VL3 VL2 SEG[2]
VL1 VSS
-VL1
value = hex 1
-VL2 -VL3
SEG[1] VL3
value = hex 0 VL2 VL1 VSS
COM2 VL3 VL2 SEG[3]
VL1 VSS
-VL1
SEG[2] VL3
value = hex 1 VL2 VL1 VSS
value = hex 2
-VL2 -VL3
SEG[3] VL3
value = hex 2 VL2 VL1 VSS
COM3 VL3 VL2 SEG[4]
VL1 VSS
-VL1 value = hex 4 -VL2 -VL3
SEG[4] VL3
value = hex 4 VL2 VL1 VSS
COM4 VL3 VL2 SEG[5]
VL1 VSS
-VL1 value = hex 8 -VL2 -VL3
SEG[5] VL3
value = hex 8 VL2 VL1 VSS
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15. Peripheral Memory Map
Reset values are valid after power up or after every system reset.
Register Name Add Hex Add Dec. Reset Value b'3210 Read Bits Write Bits Remarks
Read / Write Bits 0: Data0 1: Data1 2: Data2 3: Data3 Normal addressable Ram 64x4 bit ... 0: Data0 1: Data1 2: Data2 3: Data3 0: Data0 1: Data1 2: Data2 3: Data3 Normal addressable Ram 64x4 bit 16 nibbles addressable over index register on add 'H70
Ram1_0
00
0
xxxx
... Ram1_63
... 3F
... 63
... xxxx
Ram2_0
40
64
xxxx
... Ram2_3
... 43
... 67
... xxxx 0: Data0 1: Data1 2: Data2 3: Data3 16 nibbles addressable over index register on add 'H70
LCD_1 LCD_2 LCD_3
44 45 46
68 69 70
xxxx xxxx xxxx
Connections are user definable. See LCD section Connections are user definable. See LCD section Connections are user definable. See LCD section
16 nibbles addressable over index register on add 'H70 16 nibbles addressable over index register on add 'H70 The 8 lower nibbles are addressable over the index register on add 'H70. The 8 higher Nibbles are not used and not implemented Reserved, not implemented ... Reserved, not implemented
--... ---
47 ... 4F
71 ... 79 0: PAData[0] 1: PAData[1] 2: PAData[2] 3: PAData[3] 0: PBIOCntl[0] 1: PBIOCntl[1] 2: PBIOCntl[2] 3: PBIOCntl[3]
RegPA
50
80
xxxx
----
Read port A directly
RegPBCntl
51
81
0000
Port B control Default: input mode
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Register Name Add Hex Add Dec. Reset Value b'3210 0000 Read Bits 0: PB[0] 1: PB[1] 2: PB[2] 3: PB[3] Write Bits Remarks Read / Write Bits 0: PBData[0] 1: PBData[1] 2: PBData[2] 3: PBData[3] 0: MSBnLSB 1: POSnNeg 2: MS0 3: MS1 0: OM[0] 1: OM[1] 2: Status 3: Start 0: SerDataL[0] 1: SerDataL[1] 2: SerDataL[2] 3: SerDataL[3] 0: SerDataH[0] 1: SerDataH[1] 2: SerDataH[2] 3: SerDataH[3] 0: PSP[0] 0: SerPData[0] 1: PSP[1] 1: SerPData[1] 2: PSP[2] 2: SerPData[2] 3: PSP[3] 3: SerPData[3] 0: MelFSel[0] 1: MelFSel[1] 2: MelFSel[2] 3: BzOutEn 0:FTimSel0 0:FTimSel0 1:FTimSel1 1:FTimSel1 2:Auto 2:Auto 3:FlBuzzer 3:SwBuzzer 0: 0: Per[0] 1: 1: Per[1] 2: 2: Per[2] 3: 3: Per[3] 0: CountFSel0 1: CountFSel1 2: CountFSel2 3: UP/Down 0: '0' 0 : Load 1: EnComp 1: EnComp 2: EvCount 2: EvCount 3: Start 3: Start 0: Count[0] 0: CReg[0] 1: Count[1] 1: CReg[1] 2: Count[2] 2: CReg[2] 3: Count[3] 3: CReg[3] 0: Count[4] 0: CReg[4] 1: Count[5] 1: CReg[5] 2: Count[6] 2: CReg[6] 3: Count[7] 3: CReg[7] 0: Count[8] 0: CReg[8] 1: Count[9] 1: CReg[9] 2: BitSel[0] 2: BitSel[0] 3: BitSel[1] 3: BitSel[1] 0: '0' 0: ResMSC 1: dT/MSC 1: dT/MSC 2: PA3/P 2: PA3/P 3:RunEn/Stop 3:RunEn/Stop
RegPBData
52
82
Port B data output Pin port B read Default : 0 Serial interface control 1
RegSCntl1
53
83
0000
RegSCntl2
54
84
0000
Serial interface control 2
RegSDataL
55
85
0000
Serial interface low data nibble
RegSDataH
56
86
0000
Serial interface high data nibble
RegSPData
57
87
0000
Serial interface parallel data out Melody frequency select and output enable control
RegMelFSel
58
88
0000
RegMelTim
59
89
0000
Melody timer control
RegMelPeri
5A
90
0000
Melody timer period
RegCCntl1
5B
91
0000
10-bit counter control 1; frequency and up/down 10-bit counter control 2; comparison, event counter and start
RegCCntl2
5C
92
0000
RegCDataL
5D
93
0000
10-bit counter data low nibble
RegCDataM
5E
94
0000
10-bit counter data middle nibble
RegCDataH
5F
95
0000
10 bit counter data high bits millisecond counter control register 1; reset, delta time, control source
RegMSCCntl1
60
96
0000
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Register Name Add Hex Add Dec. Reset Value b'3210 0000 Read Bits Write Bits Remarks Millisecond counter control register 2; 1 sec flag, Interrupt and PA3 edge select Millisecond counter; binary coded decimal value, low nibble Millisecond counter; binary coded decimal value, middle nibble Millisecond counter; binary coded decimal value, high nibble Port A interrupt mask; masking active 0
RegMSCCntl2
61
97
RegMSCDataL
62
98
0000
RegMSCDataM
63
99
0000
RegMSCDataH
64
100
0000
RegIRQMask1
65
101
0000
RegIRQMask2
66
102
0000
RegIRQMask3
67
103
0000
RegIRQ1
68
104
0000
REgIRQ2
69
105
0000
RegIRQ3
6A
106
0000
RegSysCntl1
6B
107
0000
RegSysCntl2
6C
108
0p00 p = POR
RegPresc
6D
109
0000
Read / Write Bits 0: FlSec 0: -1: IntSel 1: IntSel 2: PA3Edge 2: PA3Edge 3: DebFreqSel 3: DebFreqSel 0: BCD[0] 0: 1: BCD[1] 1: 2: BCD[2] 2: 3: BCD[3] 3: 0: BCD[4] 0: 1: BCD[5] 1: 2: BCD[6] 2: 3: BCD[7] 3: 0: BCD[8] 0: 1: BCD[9] 1: 2: BCD[10] 2: 3: BCD[11] 3: 0: MaskIRQPA[0] 1: MaskIRQPA[1] 2: MaskIRQPA[2] 3: MaskIRQPA[3] 0: MaskIRQBz 1: MaskIRQBlink 2: MaskIRQHz32/8 3: MaskIRQHz1 0: MaskIRQCntComp 1: MaskIRQCount0 2: MaskIRQMSC 3: MaskIRQSerial 0: IRQPA[0] 0:RIRQPA[0] 1: IRQPA[1] 1:RIRQPA[1] 2: IRQPA[2] 2:RIRQPA[2] 3:IRQPA[3] 3:RIRQPA[3] 0: IRQBz 0:RIRQBz 1: IRQBlink 1:RIRQBlink 2: IRQHz32/8 2:RIRQHz32/8 3: IRQHz1 3:RIRQHz1 0:IRQCntComp 0:RIRQCntComp 1: IRQCount0 1:RIRQCount0 2: IRQMSC 2:RIRQMSC 3: IRQSerial 3:RIRQSerial 0: ChTmDis 0: ChTmDis 1: SelIntFull 1: SelIntFull 2: '0' 2: Sleep 3: IntEn 3: IntEn 0: WDVal0 0: -1: WDVal1 1: -2: SleepEn 2: SleepEn 3: '0' 3: WDReset 0: DebSel 0: DebSel 1: PrIntSel 1: PrIntSel 2: '0' 2: ResPresc 3: PWMOn 3: PWMOn
Buzzer and prescaler interrupt mask; masking active low 10-bit counter, millisecond counter, serial interrupt mask masking active low Read: port A interrupt Write: Reset IRQ if data bit = 1. Read: buzzer and prescaler IRQ ; Write: Reset IRQ id data bit = 1 Read: 10-bit counter, millisecond counter, serial interrupt Write: Reset IRQ if data bit =1. System control 1 ChTmDis only usable only for EM test modes with Test=1 System control 2; watchdog value and periodical reset, enable sleep mode Prescaler control; debouncer and prescaler interrupt select
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Register Name Add Hex Add Dec. Reset Value b'3210 xxxx Read Bits Write Bits Remarks
IXLow
6E
110
IXHigh
6F
111
xxxx
RegIndexAdr
70
112
0000
RegLCDCntl1
71
113
PP00
RegLCDCntl2
72
114
111P
RegVldCntl
73
115
0000
RegVldLevel
74
116
x000
Read / Write Bits 0: IXLow[0] Internal P index 1: IXLow[1] register low nibble; 2: IXLow[2] for P indexed 3: IXLow[3] addressing 0: IXHigh[4] 0: IXHigh[4] 1: IXHigh[5] 1: IXHigh[5] 2: IXHigh[6] 2: IXHigh[6] 3: '0' 3: -0: IndexAdr[0] 1: IndexAdr[1] 2: IndexAdr[2] 3: IndexAdr[3] 0: CkTripSel0 1: CkTripSel1 2: StrobeOutSel0 3: StrobeOutSel1 0: LCDExtSupply 1: Lcd4xMux 2: LCDOff 3: LCDBlank 0: NoLogicWD 0: NoLogicWD 1: NoOscWD 1: NoOscWD 2: VldBusy 2: VldStart 3: VldResult 3: -0: VldLevel0 1: VldLevel1 2: VldLevel2 3: --
Internal P index register high nibble; for P indexed addressing Indexed addressing register for 4x16 nibble RAM2 and 3x16 + 8 nibble LCD LCD control 0; multiplier clock and strobe output select
LCD control 1; main selects
Voltage level detector control Voltage level detector; detection level selection
P = defined by POR (power on reset)
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16. Option Register Memory Map
The values of the option registers are set by initial reset on power up and through write operations only. Other resets ; as reset from watchdog, reset from input port A, reset from pin RESET, etc. do not change the options register value. Register Name OPTDebIntPA OPT[3:0] OPTIntEdgPA OPT[7:4] OPTNoPullPA OPT[11:8] OPTNoPdPB OPT[15:12] OPTNchOpDPB OPT[19:16] OPTNchOpDPS OPT[23:20] OPTFSelPB OPT[31:28] 7C 124 0000 7B 123 0000 7A 122 0000 79 121 0000 78 120 0000 77 119 0000 76 118 0000 Add Hex Add Dec. Reset Value b'3210 0000
Read Bits
Write Bits
Remarks Debouncer on port A for interrupt gen. Default: debouncer on Interrupt edge select on port A. Default: pos. edge Pull-down selection on port A Default: pull-down Pull-down selection on port B Default: pull-down Nch. open drain output on port B Default: CMOS output Nch. open drain output on port serial Default: CMOS output Frequency output on port B, reset from sleep mode with port A Reset through port A inputs selection. Refer to reset part Reset through port A inputs selection. Refer to reset part No Pull-down on port SP Default: pull-down
75
117
OPTInpRSel1
OPTInpRSel2
7D
125
0000
OPTNoPdPS OPT[35:32]
RegTestEM
7E
126
0000
Read / Write Bits 0: NoDebIntPA[0] 1: NoDebIntPA[1] 2: NoDebIntPA[2] 3: NoDebIntPA[3] 0: IntEdgPA[0] 1: IntEdgPA[1] 2: IntEdgPA[2] 3: IntEdgPA[3] 0: NoPullPA[0] 1: NoPullPA[1] 2: NoPullPA[2] 3: NoPullPA[3] 0: NoPdPB[0] 1: NoPdPB[1] 2: NoPdPB[2] 3: NoPdPB[3] 0: NchOpDPB[0] 1: NchOpDPB[1] 2: NchOpDPB[2] 3: NchOpDPB[3] 0: NchOpDPS[0] 1: NchOpDPS[1] 2: NchOpDPS[2] 3: NchOpDPS[3] 0: PB1HzOut 1: PB1kHzOut 2: PB32kHzOut 3: InpResSleep 0: InpRes1PA[0] 1: InpRes1PA[1] 2: InpRes1PA[2] 3: InpRes1PA[3] 0: InpRes2PA[0] 1: InpRes2PA[1] 2: InpRes2PA[2] 3: InpRes2PA[3] 0: NoPdPS[0] 1: NoPdPS[1] 2: NoPdPS[2] 3: NoPdPS[3]
-------
7F
127
----
for EM test only;
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17. Active Supply Current Test
For this purpose, five instructions at the end of the ROM will be added. This will be done at EM Microelectronic. So the user must keep must only use up to 4091 Instructions.
Testloop:
STI LDR NXORX JPZ JMP
00H, 0AH 1BH Testloop 00H
To stay in the testloop, these values must be written in the corresponding addresses before jumping in the loop: 1BH: 32H: 6EH: 6FH: 0101b 1010b 0010b 0011b
Free space after last instruction: JMP 00H (0000)
Remark: empty space within the program are filled with NOP (FOFF).
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18. Mask Options
Most options which in many Controllers are realized as metal mask options are directly user selectable with the option registers, therefore allowing a maximum freedom of choice .See chapter: Option Register Memory Map. The following options can be selected at the time of programming the metal mask ROM, except the LCD Segment allocation which is defined using the interconnect metal2 mask.
18.1 Input / Output Ports 18.1.1 Port A Metal Options
Figure 37. Port A Pull Options
18.1.2 Port A Metal Options
Pull-up or no pull-up can be selected for each port A input. A pull-up Pull-up Control MPAPUweak[n] selection is excluding a pull-down on Weak Pull-up the same input. Pull-down (default) or no pull-down MPAPUstrong[n] Strong Pull-up can be selected for each port A PA[n] input. A pull-down selection is Terminal Resistor R1 No Pull-up excluding a pull-up on the same 100 KOhm input. OR No Pull-down The total pull value (pull-up or pulldown) is a series resistance out of MPAPDstrong[n] the resistance R1 and the switching Strong Pull-down transistor. As a switching transistor the user can choose between a high Pull-down Control MPAPDweak[n] impedance (weak) or a low Weak Pull-down impedance (strong) switch. Weak, strong or none must be chosen. The default is strong. The default resistor R1 value is 100 KOhm. The user may choose a different value from 150 KOhm down to 0 Ohm. However the value must first be checked and agreed by EM Microelectronic Marin SA. Refer also to chapter 19.2 and 19.4 for the pull values.
Input Circuitry
Option Name
Strong Pulldown
W Pulldown
R1 Value Typ.100 k
No Pulldown
To select an option put an X in column 1,2 and 4 and reconfirm the R1 value in column 3.
The default value is : Strong pulldown with R1=100 KOhm --> Total value of typ. 102 KOhm at VDD=3.0V
1 MPAPD[3] MPAPD[2] MPAPD[1] MPAPD[0]
2
3
4
PA3 input pull-down PA2 input pull-down PA1 input pull-down PA0 input pull-down
Strong Pull-up Weak Pull-up R1 Value typ.100k No Pull-up
Option Name PA3 input pull-up PA2 input pull-up PA1 input pull-up PA0 input pull-up
To select an option put an X in column 1,2 and 4 and reconfirm the R1 value in column 3.
The default value is : Strong pull-up with R1=100 KOhm --> Total value of typ. 103 KOhm at VDD=3.0
1 MPAPU[3] MPAPU[2] MPAPU[1] MPAPU[0]
2
3
4
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18.1.3 Port B Metal Options
Pull-up or no pull-up can be selected for each port B input. The pull-up is only active in Nch. open drain mode. Pull-down or no pull-down can be selected for each port B input. The total pull value (pull-up or pulldown) is a series resistance out of the resistance R1 and the switching transistor. As a switching transistor the user can choose between a high impedance (weak) or a low impedance (strong) switch. Weak , strong or none must be chosen. The default is strong. The default resistor R1 value is 100 KOhm. The user may choose a different value from 150 KOhm down to 0 Ohm. However the value must first be checked and agreed by EM Microelectronic Marin SA. Refer also to chapter 19.2 and 19.4 for the pull values.
Figure 38. Port B Pull Options
Input Circuitry
Pull-Up Control
MPBPUweak[n] Weak Pull-up MPBPUstrong[n] Strong Pull-up
PB[n] Terminal
or
Resistor R1 100 KOhm
No Pull-up No Pull-down MPBPDstrong[n] Strong Pull-down
Block
Pull-down Control
MPBPDweak[n] Weak Pull-down
Option Name PB3 input pull-down PB2 input pull-down PB1 input pull-down PB0 input pull-down
Strong Pulldown
Weak Pulldown
R1 Value Typ.100k
No Pulldown
To select an option put an X in column 1,2 and 4 and reconfirm the R1 value in column 3.
The default value is : Strong pulldown with R1=100 KOhm --> Total value of typ. 102 KOhm at VDD=3.0V
1 MPBPD[3] MPBPD[2] MPBPD[1] MPBPD[0]
2
3
4
Option Name PB3 input pull-up PB2 input pull-up PB1 input pull-up PB0 input pull-up
Strong Pull-up
Weak Pull-up
R1 value Typ. 100k
NO Pull-up
To select an option put an X in column 1,2 and 4 and reconfirm the R1 value in column 3.
The default value is : Strong pull-up with R1=100 KOhm --> Total value of typ. 103kOhm at VDD=3.0V
1 MPBPU[3] MPBPU[2] MPBPU[1] MPBPU[0]
2
3
4
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18.1.4 Port SP Metal Options
Pull-up or no pull-up can be selected for each port SP input. The pull-up is only active in Nch. open drain mode. Pull-down or no pull-down can be selected for each port SP input. The total pull value (pull-up or pulldown) is a series resistance out of the resistance R1 and the switching transistor. As a switching transistor the user can choose between a high impedance (weak) or a low impedance (strong) switch. Weak , strong or none must be chosen. The default is strong. The default resistor R1 value is 100 KOhm. The user may choose a different value from 150 KOhm down to 0 Ohm. However the value must first be checked and agreed by EM Microelectronic Marin SA. Refer also to chapter 19.2 and 19.4 for the pull values.
Figure 39. Port SP Pull Options
Input Circuitry
Pull-up Control
MPSPUweak[n] Weak Pull-up MPSPUstrong[n] Strong Pull-up
PSP[n] Terminal
OR
Resistor R1 100 KOhm
No Pull-up No Pull-down MPSPDstrong[n] Strong Pull-down
Block
Pull-down
MPSPDweak[n] Weak Pull-down
Option Name PS3 input pull-down PS2 input pull-down PS1 input pull-down PS0 input pull-down
Strong Pulldown
Weak Pulldown
R1 Value Typ.100k
NO PullDown
To select an option put an X in column 1,2 and 4 and reconfirm the R1 value in column 3.
The default value is : strong pulldown with R1=100 KOhm --> Total value of typ. 102 KOhm at VDD=3.0V
1 MPSPD[3] MPSPD[2] MPSPD[1] MPSPD[0]
2
3
4
Option Name PS3 input pull-up PS2 input pull-up PS1 input pull-up PS0 input pull-up
Strong Pull-up
weak Pull-up
R1 Value Typ. 100k
NO Pull-up
To select an option put an X in column 1,2 and 4 and reconfirm the R1 value in column 3.
The default value is : strong pull-up with R1=100 KOhm --> Total value of typ. 103 KOhm at VDD=3.0V
1 MPSPU[3] MPSPU[2] MPSPU[1] MPSPU[0]
2
3
4
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18.1.5 Voltage Regulator Option
Option Name
MVreg
Voltage Regulator
Default Value A YES
User Value
B
By default MVreg(A) the internal voltage regulator supplies the core logic the RAM and the ROM. With option MVreg(B) the regulator is cut and Vbat is supplying the core logic the RAM and the ROM.
18.1.6 Debouncer Frequency Option
Option Name
MDeb
Debouncer freq.
Default Value A Ck[11]
User Value
B
By default the debouncer frequency is Ck[11]. The user may choose Ck[14] instead of Ck[11]. Ck[14 ]corresponds to maximum 0.25ms debouncer time in case of a 32kHz oscillator.
18.1.7 Frequency Selection Option
Option Name
Mfreq
Freq. selection
Default Value A 32kHz
User Value
B
By default the 32kHz option is selected. The user may chose 128kHz instead of 32kHz.Refer to chapter 5.1.
18.1.8 LCD Frame Frequency Option
Option Name
MLCDFreq
Freq. selection
Default Value A 256/8Hz
User Value
B
By default the 256/8 Hz (LCD frame frequency=32hz) option is selected. Other two possible options are: 341/8 Hz or 512/8 Hz. Refer to chapter 14.
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18.1.9 User defined LCD Segment Allocation
If using a different Segment allocation from the one described in chapter 14.3 , one needs to fill in following table. The Segment allocation connection are realized with the interconnect Metal2 mask.
4 times MUX 3 times MUX SEG[1] SEG[2] SEG[3] SEG[4] SEG[5] SEG[6] SEG[7] SEG[8] SEG[9] SEG[10] SEG[11] SEG[12] SEG[13] SEG[14] SEG[15] SEG[16] SEG[17] SEG[18] SEG[19] SEG[20] SEG[21] SEG[22] SEG[23] SEG[24] SEG[25] SEG[26] SEG[27] SEG[28] SEG[29] SEG[30] SEG[31] SEG[32] COM[1] COM[1] COM[2] COM[2] COM[3] COM[3] COM[4] --
The customer should specify the required options at the time of ordering. A copy of the pages 55 to 59, as well as the Software ROM characteristic file generated by the assembler (*.STA) should be attached to the order.
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19. Temp. and Voltage Behaviors 19.1 IDD Current (Typical)
[ nA ] 800 70 0 600 50 0 400 300 -2 0 0 20 40 60 [ C ] ID D Hal t M o d e; Lc d O f f ; N o R eg ul at o r ; V D D =1.5V [ nA ] 800 70 0 600 50 0 400 300 80 -2 0 0 20 40 60 [ C ] ID D H al t M o d e; LC D O f f , R eg ul at o r ; V D D =3 .0 V
80
[ nA ] 10 0 0 900 800 70 0 600 50 0 -2 0
ID D H al t M o d e LC D O n; N o R eg ul at o r ; V D D =1.5V
[ nA ] 10 0 0 900 800 70 0 600 [ C ] 50 0 80 -2 0
ID D H al t M o d e LC D O n; R eg ul at o r ; V D D =3 .0 V
0
20
40
60
0
20
40
60
[ C ]
80
[ nA ] 2000 18 0 0 16 0 0 14 0 0 12 0 0 10 0 0 -2 0
ID D R un M o d e Lc d O n; N o R eg ul at o r ; V D D =1.5V
[ nA ] 2000 18 0 0 16 0 0 14 0 0 12 0 0 [ C ] 10 0 0 80 -2 0
ID D R un M o d e LC D O n; R eg ul at o r ; V D D =3 .0 V
0
20
40
60
0
20
40
60
[ C ]
80
19.2 IDD Current @ 128kHZ
[ nA ] 150 0 13 0 0 13 0 0 110 0 900 70 0 -2 0 0 20 40 60 [ C ] 110 0 900 70 0 50 0 80 -2 0 0 20 40 60 [ C ] ID D Hal t M o d e; Lc d O f f ; N o R eg ul at o r ; V D D =1.5V [ nA ] 150 0 ID D Hal t M o d e; LC D O f f , R eg ul at o r ; V D D =3 .0 V
80
[ nA ] 3000 2800 2600 2400 2200 2000 -2 0
ID D Hal t M o d e LC D O n; N o R eg ul at o r ; V D D =1.5V
[ nA ] 3000 2800 2600 2400 2200 [ C ] 2000 80 -2 0
ID D Hal t M o d e LC D O n; R eg ul at o r ; V D D =3 .0 V
0
20
40
60
0
20
40
60
[ C ]
80
[ nA ] 73 0 0
ID D R un M o d e Lc d O n; N o R eg ul at o r ; V D D =1.5V
[ nA ] 8000 76 0 0
ID D R un M o d e LC D O n; R eg ul at o r ; V D D =3 .0 V
710 0 6900 6 70 0 6 50 0 6300 -2 0 0 20 40 60 [ C ] 72 0 0 6800 6400 6000 80 -2 0 0 20 40 60 [ C ]
80
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19.3 Pull-down Resistance (Typical)
P ulld o w n W eak ; N o R eg ulat o r ; 2 5D eg 300 [ k O hm ] 200 400 [ k O hm ] 300 200 10 0 10 0 0 1.2 1.4 1.6 [V ] 1.8 0 1.4 2 2 .6 3 .2 [V ] P ulld o w n W eak ; R eg ulat o r ; 2 5D eg
P ulld o w n S t r o ng ; N o R eg ulat o r ; 2 5D eg 10 5 [ k O hm ] 10 2 .5 10 0 9 7 .5 95 1.2 1.4 1.6 [V ] 10 5 [ k O hm ] 10 2 .5 10 0 9 7 .5 95 1.8 1.4
P ulld o w n S t r o ng ; R eg ulat o r ; 2 5D eg
2
2 .6
3 .2 [ V ]
200 [ k O hm ] 15 0 10 0 50 0 -2 0
P u l l d o w n W e a k ; N o R e g u l a t o r ; V D D = 1.5 V 600 [ k O hm ] 4 50 300 15 0 0 80 -2 0
P u l l d o w n W e a k , R e g u l a t o r ; V D D = 3 .0 V
0
20
40
60
[ C ]
0
20
40
60
[ C ]
80
P u l l d o w n S t r o n g ; N o R e g u l a t o r ; V D D = 1.5 V 15 0 [ k O hm ] 10 0 15 0 [ k O hm ] 10 0
P u l l d o w n S t r o n g ; R e g u l a t o r ; V D D = 3 .0 V
50
50
0 -2 0 0 20 40 60 [ C ] 8 0
0 -2 0 0 20 40 60 [ C ] 80
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19.4 Pull-up Resistance (Typical)
P ullup W eak ; N o R eg ulat o r ; T em p =2 5D eg 2000 [ k O hm ] 15 0 0 10 0 0 50 0 0 1.2 1.4 1.6 [V ] 1.8 2000 [ k O hm ] 15 0 0 10 0 0 50 0 0 1.4 2 2 .6 3 .2 [V ] P ullup W eak ; R eg ulat o r ; T em p =2 5D eg
P ullup S t r o ng ; N o R eg ulat o r ; T em p =2 5D eg 14 0 [ k O hm ] 12 0 [ k O hm ] 12 0 10 0 80 1.2 1.4 1.6 [V ] 1.8 1.4 14 0
P ullup S t r o ng ; R eg ulat o r ; T em p =2 5D eg
10 0
80
[V ] 2 2 .6 3 .2
P ullup 10 0 0 [ k O hm ] 800
W e a k ; N o R e g u l a t o r ; V D D = 1.5 V 300 [ k O hm ] 200 10 0 0 80 -2 0
P u l l u p W e a k ; R e g u l a t o r ; V D D = 3 .0 V
600
400 -2 0 0 20 40 60
[ C ]
0
20
40
60
[ C ]
80
P u l l u p S t r o n g ; N o R e g u l a t o r ; V D D = 1.5 V 15 0 [ k O hm ] 10 0 15 0 [ k O hm ] 10 0
P u l l u p S t r o n g ; R e g u l a t o r ; V D D = 3 .0 V
50
50
0 -2 0 0 20 40 60 [ C ] 80
0 -2 0 0 20 40 60 [ C ] 80
19.5 Output Currents (Typical)
IO L C ur r ent s ; V D S=0 .15/ 0 .3 / 0 .5/ 1.0 V ; T emp =2 5D eg 15.0 [ mA ] 12 .0 9 .0 0 .5 6 .0 3 .0 0 .0 1.2 1.8 2 .4 3 [V ] 3 .6 0 .3 0 .15 [ mA ] - 12 .0 - 6 .0 - 9 .0 1.2 1.0 0 .0 0 .15 - 3 .0 0 .3 0 .5 IO H C ur r ent s ; V D S =0 .15/ 0 .3 / 0 .5/ 1.0 V ; T emp =2 5D eg [ V ] 3 .6 1.8 2 .4 3
1.0
IO H C ur r ent s ; V D D =1.5V ; V D S =0 .15/ 0 .3 / 0 .5/ 1.0 V -2 0 0 .0 - 0 .5 - 1.0 - 1.5 [ mA ] - 2 .0 0 .15 0 .3 0 .5 1.0 0 20 40 60 [ C ] 80 0 .0 - 3 .0 - 6 .0 - 9 .0 [ mA ] - 12 .0
IO H C ur r ent s ; V D D =3 .0 V ; V D S=0 .15/ 0 .3 / 0 .5/ 1.0 V -2 0 0 20 40 60 [ C ] 8 0 0 .15 0 .3 0 .5 1.0
IO L C ur r ent s ; V D D =1.5V ; V D S =0 .15/ 0 .3 / 0 .5/ 1.0 V 5.0 [ mA ] 4 .0 3 .0 2 .0 1.0 0 .0 -2 0 0 20 40 60 [ C ] 8 0 1.0 0 .5 0 .3 0 .15 0 .0 [ mA ] 10 .0 5.0 15.0
IO L C ur r ent s ; V D D =3 .0 V ; V D S=0 .15/ 0 .3 / 0 .5/ 1.0 V
1.0 0 .5 0 .3 0 .15 -2 0 0 20 40 60 [ C ] 8 0
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20. Electrical Specification 20.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Min. Max. Units Power supply VDD-VSS - 0.2 + 3.6 V Input voltage VSS - 0.2 VDD+0.2 V Storage temperature - 40 + 125 C -2000 +2000 V Electrostatic discharge to Mil-Std-883C method 3015.7 with ref. to VSS Maximum soldering conditions 10s x 250C Stresses above these listed maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure beyond specified electrical characteristics may affect device reliability or cause malfunction.
20.2 Handling Procedures
This device has built-in protection against high static voltages or electric fields; however, anti-static precautions should be taken as for any other CMOS component. Unless otherwise specified, proper operation can only occur when all terminal voltages are kept within the supply voltage range.
20.3 Standard Operating Conditions
Parameter MIN TYP MAX Unit Description Temperature -20 25 85 C VDD_Range1 1.4 3.0 3.6 V with internal voltage regulator VDD_Range2 1.2 1.5 1.8 without internal voltage regulator VSS 0 V reference terminal CVDDCA (note 1) 100 nF regulated voltage capacitor Fq 32768 Hz nominal frequency Rqs 35 KOhm typical quartz serial resistance CL 8.2 pF typical quartz load capacitance df/f ppm quartz frequency tolerance 30 Note 1: This capacitor filters switching noise from VDD to keep it away from the internal logic cells. In noisy systems the capacitor should be chosen bigger than minimum value.
20.4 DC Characteristics - Power Supply
Conditions: VDD=1.5V, T=25C, RC=32kHz without internal voltage regulator (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Conditions Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit ACTIVE Supply Current (note2,3) 1.5 2.9 A IVDDa1 (in active mode with LCD on) -20 ... 85C (note2,3) 3.5 A IVDDa1 STANDBY Supply Current 0.4 1.0 A IVDDh1 (in Halt mode, LCDOff) -20 ... 85C 1.5 A IVDDh1 SLEEP Supply Current 0.2 0.4 A IVDDs1 -20 ... 85C 0.8 A IVDDs1 POR static level -20 ... 85C 0.90 1.2 V VPOR1 RAM data retention -20 ... 85C 0.9 V Vrd1 Note 2: LCD Display not connected. Note 3: The instruction loop described in chapter 17 is used for these tests. The oscillator is externally driven on a frequency of 32.768 KHz and an amplitude of Vreg voltage.
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Conditions: VDD=3.0V, T=25C, RC=32kHz, with internal voltage regulator (unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Conditions Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit A A A A A A V V V
0.2 -20 ... 85C POR static level -20 ... 85C, No Load on Vreg VPOR2 0.95 RAM data retention -20 ... 85C Vrd2 0.95 Regulated voltage Halt mode, No Load Vreg 1.2 1.4 1.7 Note 2: LCD Display not connected. Note 3: The instruction loop described in chapter 17 is used for these tests. The oscillator is externally driven on a frequency of 32.768 KHz and an amplitude of Vreg voltage.
ACTIVE Supply Current (in active mode with LCD on) STANDBY Supply Current (in Halt mode, LCDOff) SLEEP Supply Current
(note2,3) -20 ... 85C (note2,3) -20 ... 85C
IVDDa2 IVDDa2 IVDDh2 IVDDh2 IVDDs2 IVDDs2
1.8 0.4
2.9 3.5 1.0 1.5 0.4 0.8 1.25
20.5 Supply Voltage Level Detector
Parameter
SVLD voltage Level1 SVLD voltage Level2 SVLD voltage Level3 SVLD voltage Level4 SVLD voltage Level5 SVLD voltage Level6 SVLD voltage Level7 SVLD voltage Level8 Temperature coefficient
Conditions
-10 to 60C -10 to 60C -10 to 60C -10 to 60C -10 to 60C -10 to 60C -10 to 60C -10 to 60C 0 to 50C
Symbol
VSVLD1 VSVLD2 VSVLD3 VSVLD4 VSVLD5 VSVLD6 VSVLD7 VSVLD8
Min.
3.65 2.70 2.20 1.82 1.62 1.39 1.25 1.11
Typ.
3.96 3.0 2.44 2.03 1.79 1.56 1.39 1.24 < 0.1
Max.
4.35 3.30 2.70 2.25 1.96 1.75 1.53 1.38
Unit
V V V V V V V V mV/C
20.6 Oscillator
Conditions: T=25C (unless otherwise specified)
Parameter
Temperature stability Voltage stability (note 5) Input capacitor Output capacitor Transconductance
Conditions
+15 ... +35 C VDD=1,4 - 1,6 V Ref. on VSS Ref. on VSS 50mVpp,VDDmin
Symbol
df/f x dT df/f x dU Cin Cout Gm
Min.
Typ.
Max.
0.3 5 8.4 15.9 15.0 3 4
Unit
ppm /C ppm /V pF pF
A/V V s s
5.6 12.1 2.5
7 14
Oscillator start voltage Tstart < 10 s Ustart VDDmin Oscillator start time VDD > VDDMin tdosc 0.5 System start time tdsys 1.5 (oscillator + cold-start + reset) Oscillation detector VDD > VDDmin tDetFreq frequency Note 5: Applicable only for the versions without the internal voltage regulator
12
kHz
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20.7 DC characteristics - I/O Pins
Conditions: T= -20 ... 85C (unless otherwise specified) VDD=1.5V means; measures without voltage regulator VDD=3.0V means; measures with voltage regulator Parameter Conditions Symb.
Input Low voltage
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Ports A,B,SP Test Ports A,B,SP Test QIN with Regulator QIN without Regulator QOUT (note 7)
Input High voltage
VDD < 1.5V VDD > 1.5V
VIL VIL VIL VIL
Vss Vss Vss Vss
0.2VDD 0.3VDD 0.1Vreg 0.1VDD
V V V V
Ports A,B,SP Test QIN with Regulator QIN without Regulator QOUT (note 7)
Output Low Current
VIH VIH VIH VDD=1.5V , VOL=0.15V VDD=1.5V , VOL=0.30V VDD=1.5V , VOL=0.50V VDD=3.0V , VOL=0.15V VDD=3.0V , VOL=0.30V VDD=3.0V , VOL=0.50V VDD=3.0V , VOL=1.00V IOL IOL IOL IOL IOL IOL IOL IOH IOH IOH IOH IOH IOH IOH RPD RPD RPD RPD RPU RPU RPD RPD RPU RPU
0.7VDD 0.9Vreg 0.9VDD 1.1 2.1 1.55 3.1 1.9 3.9 6.4 7.5 12.0 -0.6 -1.1 -1.5 -1.5 -3.0 -5.0 -9.5 20k 20k 100k 200k 500k 115k 72k 70k 70k 70k 180k 375k 800k 160k 102k 100k 109k 103k
VDD Vreg VDD
V V V mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA
all logic outputs
Output High Current
VDD=1.5V, VOH= VDD-0.15V VDD=1.5V, VOH= VDD-0.30V VDD=1.5V, VOH= VDD-0.50V VDD=3.0V, VOH= VDD-0.15V VDD=3.0V , VOH= VDD-0.30V VDD=3.0V , VOH= VDD-0.50V VDD=3.0V , VOH= VDD-1.00V
all logic outputs
-0.75
mA mA mA mA
-4.2
mA Ohm Ohm
Input Pull-down
VDD=1.5V, Pin at 1.5V, 25C VDD=3.0V, Pin at 3.0V, 25C VDD=1.5V, Pin at 1.5V, 25C VDD=3.0V, Pin at 3.0V, 25C VDD=1.5V, Pin at 0.0V, 25C VDD=3.0V, Pin at 0.0V, 25C VDD=1.5V, Pin at 1.5V, 25C VDD=1.5V, Pin at 0.0V, 25C
Test
Input Pull-down
750k 1500k 2000k 480k 156k 156k 158k 158k
Ohm Ohm Ohm Ohm Ohm Ohm Ohm Ohm
Port A,B,SP (note 8) weak
Input Pull-up
Port A,B,SP (note 8) weak
Input Pull-down Input Pull-up
Port A,B,SP (note 8) strong VDD=3.0V, Pin at 3.0V, 25C Port A,B,SP (note 8) strong VDD=3.0V, Pin at 0.0V, 25C
Note 7: QOUT (OSC2) is used only with Quartz. Note 8: Weak or strong are standing for weak pull or strong pull transistor. Values are for R1=100kOhm
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20.8 LCD SEG[20:1] Outputs
Conditions: T=25C (unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Conditions Symb. Min. Typ. Max. Unit
Driver Impedance Level 0 Driver Impedance Level 1 Driver Impedance Level 2 Driver Impedance Level 3
Iout = 5A, Ext. Supply Iout = 5A, Ext Supply Iout = 5A, Ext Supply Iout = 5A, Ext Supply
RSEGVL0 RSEGVL1 RSEGVL2 RSEGVL3
20 20 20 20
KOhm KOhm KOhm KOhm
20.9 LCD Com[4:1] Outputs
Conditions: T=25C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Conditions Symb. Driver Impedance Level 0 RcomVL0 Iout = 5A, Ext. Supply Driver Impedance Level 1 RcomVL1 Iout = 5A, Ext. Supply Driver Impedance Level 2 RcomVL2 Iout = 5A, Ext Supply RcomVL3 Driver Impedance Level 3 Iout = 5A, Ext Supply
Min. Typ. Max. 10 Unit KOhm
10 10 10
KOhm KOhm KOhm
20.10 DC Output Component
Conditions: T=25C (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Conditions Symb. DC Output component No Load
VDC_com Min. Typ. Max. Unit
20
mV
20.11 LCD Voltage Multiplier
Conditions: T=25C, All Multiplier Capacitors 100nF, freq=512Hz. (unless otherwise specified) Parameter Conditions Symb. Min. Typ. Max. Voltage Bias Level 1 0.95 1.06 1.16 VVL1 1A load Voltage Bias Level 2 2.12 VVL2 1A load Voltage Bias Level 3 Temp dependency VvL1 1A load 1A load, -10...60C VVL3 dVVL1/dT 3.18 -4.9
Unit V
V V mV/C
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21. Pad Location Diagram
X=2.97mm Y=2.92mm
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TOP VIEW
D
ODD LEAD SIDES EVEN LEAD SIDES
b D1 e
SEE DETAIL "A" A
S Y M B O L
e
DETAIL "A"
TQFP64
ALL DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS
MIN.
TYP.
MAX. 1.20
A A1
0.05 0.95 1.00 12.00 BSC. 10.00 BSC.
0.15 1.05
SEE DETAIL "B"
A2 D D1
DETAIL "B"
0 MIN.
L
0.45
0.60 64 0.50 BSC
0.75
0.08/0.20 R.
A2 A1
0.08 R. MIN. 0.20 MIN. 1.00 REF.
N e b
0.17
0.22
0.23
0-7
L
1.00/0.10 MM FORM, 1.00 MM THICK PACKAGE OUTLINE, TQFP, 10X10 MM BODY,
21.1 Ordering Information
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Packaged Device:
EM6626 TQ64 B - %%%
Package: TQ64 = TQFP 64 pin
Device in DIE Form:
EM6626 WS 11 - %%%
Die form: WW = Wafer WS = Sawn Wafer/Frame WP = Waffle Pack
Delivery Form: B = Tape & Reel D = Trays (Plate)
Thickness: 11 = 11 mils (280um), by default 27 = 27 mils (686um), not backlapped (for other thickness, contact EM)
Customer Version: customer-specific number given by EM Microelectronic
Customer Version: customer-specific number given by EM Microelectronic
Ordering Part Number (selected examples)
Part Number EM6626TQ64B-%%% EM6626TQ64D-%%% EM6626WS11-%%% EM6626WP11-%%% Package / Die Form TQFP 64 TQFP 64 Sawn Wafer Die in waffle pack Delivery Form / Thickness Tape & Reel Trays (Plate) 11 mils 11 mils
Please make sure to give the complete Part Number when ordering, including the 3-digit version. The version is made of 3 numbers %%% (e.g. 005 , 012, 131, etc.).
21.2 Package Marking
TQFP64 marking: First line: Second line: Third line: EM6626 %%%Y PPPPPPPPPPP CCCCCCCCCCC
Where: %%% = customer version, specific number given by EM (e.g. 005, 012, 131, etc.) Y = Year of assembly PP...P = Production identification (date & lot number) of EM Microelectronic CC...C = Customer specific package marking on third line, selected by customer
21.3 Customer Marking
There are 11 digits available for customer marking on TQFP64 Please specify below the desired customer marking.
Please contact EM headquarters or your local EM office for any other detail. Also refer to page 58 for additional ordering information.
EM Microelectronic-Marin SA (EM) makes no warranty for the use of its products, other than those expressly contained in the Company's standard warranty which is detailed in EM's General Terms of Sale located on the Company's web site. EM assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in this document, reserves the right to change devices or specifications detailed herein at any time without notice, and does not make any commitment to update the information contained herein. No licenses to patents or other intellectual property of EM are granted in connection with the sale of EM products, expressly or by implications. EM's products are not authorized for use as components in life support devices or systems.
(c) EM Microelectronic-Marin SA, 03/05, Rev. H
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